Saturday, October 5, 2019
Investing in Portfolios and CAPM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Investing in Portfolios and CAPM - Essay Example If the investor chooses alternative 1 and invests all the money in Evergreen, then he can earn a return of 13.8%. Since Evergreen is a safe company, therefore the standard deviation of returns is quite low and risk coefficient is only 0.11. One must keep in mind that by investing in this company, the investor is foregoing chance of earning high returns. In other words, the investor is foregoing chance of earning high returns for increased safety by investing in this company. On the other hand, in the case of alternative 2, if the investor decides to invest in more dynamic of the two companies ACE limited, then the investor is foregoing safety of investment for high returns. This will enable the investor to earn a return which is as high as 25%. However, the risk coefficient and standard deviation for this investment is also higher at 0.31 and 7.6% respectively. A third option is to invest in the form of an equally weighted portfolio. In this case, the returns have increased from what the investor could earn by investing solely in Evergreen and at the same time the high risk of investing in Ace Ltd has also been reduced. The returns have increased from 13.8% to 19% and at the same time risk coefficient has decreased from 0.31 to 0.2. In the case of alternative 4, the investor will invest heavily in Evergreen and take very small exposure in ACE. This option is probably the worst alternative because the returns of this option are not very high, but the risk has greatly increased to 0.47. In the above scenario, we can see that the returns have increased when the investor has decided to invest in portfolios and at the same time risk coefficient has gone down. This tells us that diversification leads to lower risk and high return. However, one must keep in mind that diversification only minimizes one type of risk that an investor faces. There is another kind of risk which is known as systematic risk and it cannot be eliminated no matter how well diversified the portf olio is. Hence, there is always some chance of investors losing money even if the money is invested in the form of a portfolio. The correlation coefficient above shows that the investment in Evergreen and Ace is negatively correlated. A shrewd investor always try to invest in companies that are negatively correlate so that the downward trend in the returns of one business can be offset by the increased returns on the other investment in the same portfolio. However, since these two investments are not perfectly correlated, the portfolio is not well balance and some side will be higher than another and investor can face periods of high returns or loss depending on the market situation. It can be concluded from studying the above alternatives that it is wise for investors to not to take large exposures on one single stock. The investors should try to construct portfolios that should give equal or close weightage to all the companies in the portfolios in order to enjoy the benefits of r isk diversification. If there is one company in the portfolio which has higher weightage than the other companies ten the portfolio’s performance will be highly dependent on that one company and benefits of diversification will disappear. TASK 2: Capital Asset Pricing Model is a tool to
Friday, October 4, 2019
Choose any contemporary theme and write a review of that theme by Essay
Choose any contemporary theme and write a review of that theme by using a variety of secondary sources. (Safety and Security in - Essay Example This elevates the issue of safety in airports as of considerable concern in regions that are considered as major destinations for tourists. This paper looks into safety and security in airports in relation to tourism. Introduction The contemporary world has witnessed dramatic changes since the rise of globalization. Based on the heightened incidence and severity of terrorism related incidences, individual’s feelings of safety (whether physical or psychological) have been challenged. The travel and tourism sector have considerably been bruised at various levels, accompanied by growing concerns on safety and security of destinations. The resultant sense of insecurity has yielded to increase screening within airports in a bid to thwart occurrence of any terrorism related incidences. Passengers and air cargo are the two main entities that pose the highest treat to the security and safety of airports. Passengers are considered as a serious threat due to the increased number of terr or activities occurring in airports (Sweet 2009, p.52). Even prior to the 9/11, the society was conscious of the risks associated with being at the wrong location at the wrong time; however, the 9/11 attack brought to the limelight how interconnectedness of the world and the society was awakened to the risks occasioned by the interconnections. The global aviation immediately launched tighter travel rules, restrictions, and regulations in a dramatic attempt to thwart a repetition of the incidence. The changes heralded within the passenger travel experience right from check in to disembarking have been rendered non-negotiable. As a result, the process of travel has been made increasingly complex and time consuming (Sonmez, Apostolopoulos and Tarlow 1999, p.13). The safety and security of airports remains an ongoing challenge and continues to evolve as air traffic rises. The threat presented by crime and terrorism has over the years increased necessitating enhanced security and safety in airports. Indeed, the public has had an enhanced sensitivity towards aviation and airport security owing to the concern that criminality may yield to vulnerabilities that could be exploited by terrorists. The central aim of airport security centres on preventing ‘unlawful interference’ with the could yield to fatalities among the passengers and crew major airports continue to be critical infrastructure for the health of the economy and people’s lives and livelihood, and the possible targets for the severe crimes and terrorism (Sonmez, Apostolopoulos and Tarlow 1999, p.14). Terrorism and crime are unique, but possibly overlap, but at its most fundamental place, an environment characterized by lax security can avail opportunities for terrorists to take advantage of the weaknesses in airport security. However, with the growing surveillance within airports, critics have argued that the heightened security screening at airports is increasingly heralding misery to h oliday travelers. Critics point out that government agencies pursuing to make journeys secure render plane trips unpleasant, which encourages people to take the option of travelling by road (where possible). Discussion Terrorists target airports largely because of the social and economic damage that can arise once an airport has suffered a terror attack. The 9/11 terror attack motivated all leading airports to pay keen attention on improving the
Thursday, October 3, 2019
The field of arts Essay Example for Free
The field of arts Essay Since my childhood years, my passion in the field of arts, music and dance has trained me to focus on my goals and strive for excellence. The skills that I have mastered in playing the flute and violin as well as in dancing were not learned overnight. It took many years of hard work, discipline and determination to perfect my craft but the fulfillment was worth all the efforts that I have given when I performed on stage from the age of 4 to 17 years old and when I won first prize in the art contest when I was 6 years old. In my entry to the University of Southern California, I would apply the same discipline and drive in my studies so I can earn a degree in Business Administration minor in Marketing. In the future, I would like to establish a business related to music and dance and train children and young adults who are aspiring to be musicians, artist or dancers. I will also offer my services to the at-risk youth to keep them away from criminal activities and to help them find meaning to their lives that will lead them to become contributing members of their communities. I plan to turn my passion into a business that is wholeheartedly fulfilling and lived up to the saying of the 18th-century French philosopher, Denis Diderot that, â€Å"only passions, great passions, can elevate the soul to great things†. Being an international student in a foreign country is a challenging experience. However, this will open doors to learn new things, and to meet a lot of people with diverse nationalities and cultures. As I travel and study in a foreign country, my knowledge and exposures in various areas of business will be enhanced and at the same time whenever time permits during summer and holiday breaks, I would like to volunteer my services to the animal shelters and learn about the business of establishing shelter homes for the animals. The United States is one of the major countries that is noted for extending rights and protection to the animals. Establishing a foundation related to worldwide animal shelter is also a passion that I want to pursue after gaining years of work experience and after I have earned a Masters degree in Business Administration. I have heard a lot of abuses and neglect to animals in other countries. I want to be part of a worldwide campaign to end animal abuse and to provide homes to the homeless and abandoned animals. The University of California is noted around the world for its excellent business programs. My studies in the field of business and marketing in the United States will provide me with the extensive knowledge that will help me fully understand the common problems that foreign business people encounter. This will also enable me to establish a network in preparation for my future business plans. Since I have good communication, organization and budgeting skills and love to be with people, I would like to specialize in marketing as I want to understand marketing management, consumer behavior, advertising, product research and development, competitive pricing, promotion and sales so I can effectively serve the needs of my clients. In addition, I would also like to learn about theories and practices of marketing and gain hands-on experience during my studies as the Marshall School of Business recognizes the importance of integrating education with experience. The externship and internship programs will maximize my opportunity for professional development and will provide me with an edge in employment after graduation. The knowledge and experience that I will learn in the university will be applied in my country of birth where I plan to initially work in a company and establish a business and a foundation after getting a better grasp of the industry. This is my short and long term goals and I am determined to reach my goals after completing my studies in the prestigious University of Southern California.
Resolving Problems with a Local Area Network
Resolving Problems with a Local Area Network Network user problems: Explain different problems that a user of a local area network may faces while accessing the network. Poor or bad cable issue: Poor or bad cable issue is problem of a local area network which faces by user while accessing the network. In this problem, if the client computer is capable forconnect to the network, the performance might be reducing. Everyone could not be able to attach to the computer. Moreover, the current Gigabit network to the desktop is general, so that is why Gigabit category 5 will not work for less than concert and four pairs of cable as well. Cant get an IP address: The system is disconnected or ineffective. The operating system that can alert an address of the DHCP server (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) has not received. Furthermore, afterwards verifying the status of the system adapter can be configured to it. DHCP server could be out and server service will be interrupted as well. In addition, the device never reached the server for the first time. Printing problem issue: Printing problem is also of user area network which faces by user while accessing the network. Printing does not constantly work on network. To determine if a user is experiencing this problem, many people have the same problem. Moreover, only one problem, so it may be that the computer is not properly mapped to the printer server. If it does not cause the network between the client and the printer can be responsible for it. Provide a scenario as an example to explain a user having difficulties accessing the network. I am going to explain the scenario of a company difficulties which faced by user. AWI is a company and which company have so many computers. There is some problem like poor or bad cable printing problem, can gets IP addresses. After that, user did find the issues and solve it with the help of internet. Identify and describe the potential solution to any 2 two of the problems mentioned above. Solution of Poor or bad cable: First of all, user should check cable, after that if any cable issue. Then user should change the cable. The cable has become untwisted; re-terminating the cable may resolve the errors. While following new advancements like power over Ethernet and Gigabit. The category 5 should be improved. Printing problem issue: In the beginning. Verify the configuration of printer, ensure it has a good IP address and can access the printer server as well. Apart from this, the print driver has settled printed problems. Create a form to document the problems and their solutions in knowledge base.                                              Knowledge Base-Form Name of the CompanyAWI Clients NameRajwinder Kaur Date and Time09/02/2017 -12.00pm Problem Detail:In this company, user faced local area networking problem while accessing the network. This is poor or bad cable. In this problem, if client computer is capable for connecting to the network, then performance can reduce. Gigabit cat5 will not work for four pairs of cable. Name of the Technician Lakhwinder Kaur Date and Time10/02/2017- 12.00pm Service Hours 30 minutes Proposed Solution: First of all, user should check the cable and find out the errors. Then, if problem in cable so, change the cable. ResourceInternet, Crimping Tools, Cable Costs$20 Procedure Personal First of all, I did find the problem and Then, got the information from internet,   How we can solve the problem. Finally, I did solve my problem. Company ContactAddressAWI International Education Group Information Phone02232078935                                            Website[emailprotected] Fileserver problems (Application server): Explain different problems associated with setting up a file server. Hard disk failure: A hard disk failure issue of fileserver. A hard disk failure problem happen while a disk drive malfunction and accumulated the information and that cant be accessed correctly configuration to computer. Moreover, Due to this problem, heats up the desktop and laptop when starts. Due to inadequate or defective fan ventilation of the CPU, hardware equipments damage. Slow speed: In file server issues second point is slow speed. In slow speed issue when server is not working properly then, processor takes too much time for downloading the files and so on. Moreover, sometime this issue occur when we keep extra data in computer. Security Issues: -In security issue, server folder security used for the             client to offer the access to the file in the group. Moreover, on the file            Server if the safe information is passed on the server and then user           should look after the data on the server. Provide a scenario as an example to explain problems related with file or application server. Spark is a company in Auckland (New Zealand). This company have lots of computers. Users faced so many problems like hard disk failure, security issues and slow speed as well. Find the issue with the help of internet and then, installed antivirus software and got information how can fix it. Finally, I resolved the problem. Identify and describe the potential solution to any two of the problems mentioned above. Solution of Hard disk failure issue: Firstly, system should be shut down properly. It also is stay away from the installing supposed software. Hard disk ought to be clean commonly. Structure do update time to time. Moreover, should swap the HDD after three to four year. Solution of security issues: -There are so many good antivirus programs for the solution of securityissue. Update the antivirus software version to secure the computer system for malware and provide security providers on the internet against viruses, Trojans etc. Create a form to document the problems and their solutions in knowledge base.                                              Knowledge Base-Form Name of the CompanySpark.com Clients NameChris Date and Time10/02/2017- 12.30pm Problem Detail: Hard disk failure issue of file server. This problem happen whiles a disk drive malfunction and accumulated the information and it cant be configuration to computer properly. Name of the Technician Tiago Date and Time10/02/2017- 12.30pm Service Hours 25 minutes Proposed Solution: In beginning, I got information from internet how we can find this problem and fix it I did start find the problem. Then, installed the software for remove the problem. Structure should update time to time. ResourceLaptop, Internet, Costs$20 Procedure Personal Computer, Internet, Antivirus software Company ContactAddress123Welson Street, Auckland InformationPhone0224356737 Website[emailprotected] Performance issues: Explain different issues related to network performance. Hard drive usage: Hard drive usage is first and the foremost issue of network performance. Mostly information exchange starts and finishes with a hard drive.Specifically, if at least two projects attempt to get to the hard drive in the meantime, information throughput will drop exponentially. Moreover, it is normally the slowest part inside the machine. CPU usage: CPU must be shared by grater part of the product running on a framework. Framework with different CPUs is not quicker than those of single CPU. In present day working frameworks, there are regularly twenty to sixty projects running when the client is not doing anything. Window is here and then slower on different CPU. RAM: -In spite of the fact that system information exchange does not ordinarily include much direct memory utilization. Moreover, user computer accidently start again as user in the central of something. The folder structure of hard drive might be gradually deteriorated and user will not longer be able to boot user machine. Provide a scenario as an example to explain performance problem related to a local area network. Identify and describe the potential solution to any two of the problems mentioned above. Solution of CPU usage problem: In addition, user should update to your computer. Some programs are doing slow your computer, so that is why should remove that programs. As well should keep antivirus in your computer for remove the virus. Ought to be changing the power settings that will help in growing the processor capacity. Solution of RAM problem: First of all, user should test the memory modules and should check which module is not working. After that, also ought to be checking the memory slots. If any problem in memory slot so user could restore the motherboard. After change the memory slot module the lined up should be correctly on the bottom. Create a form to document the problems and their solutions in knowledge base.                                              Knowledge Base-Form Name of the CompanyVTNZ Clients NameAnil Verma Date and Time10/02/2017-1.00pm Problem Detail:RAM problem is related to network performance. Due to this issue, user computer start again and folder structure of hard drive might be gradually deteriorated. Name of the Technician Lakhwinder Kaur Date and Time10/02/2017  1.00pm Service Hours 20 minutes Proposed Solution: Firstly, did check the memory modules which module is not working. Then, find the problem in memory slot and finally change the motherboard and solve it. ResourceLaptop, Internet, Motherboard, antivirus Costs$50 Procedure Personal In addition, I find the problem of RAM. Then ,                                            Search on internet how we can fix it. Company ContactAddress20 Queen Street, Auckland InformationPhone0221451737 Website[emailprotected]                                  TASK 2 Monitor and maintain the performance of a local area network: 2.1  Identify and list any 5 network monitoring tools. Also     describe the features of those tools which deal with the performance issues of a local area network. Monitoring tools and features Total network monitor: -This device is the non-stoppable host, monitors network services. They also informed us that all issues need attention. Apart from this, this trouble is given a full report. The device is fixed to troubles successfully or negative consequence or still using the color code was imperfect. Nagios: -A flawless network to run all applications and all services must be up and running on the network at all times. An application, services, helps administrators to maintain critical systems at all times. Furthermore, to keep all this time is going to be good and also we need special control equipment i.e Nagois. This application is the core monitoring engine acts as a heart. The dude: -This dude monitoring tool is responsive device. Everyone can create automatic analysis for the device. Apart from this, it detects the trouble and alerts you while monitoring devices. Microsoft network monitor: Microsoft network monitor is local area network monitoring tool. This tool monitors the performance issues of a LAN network. Moreover, the operation control, to analyze and to capture the flow of traffic in the network allows to administrator. Mostly a device that network administrators must find easy to control. This device is helpful for troubleshoot the networks problems and applications as well. Advanced IP scanner: In advanced IP scanner monitoring tool perfectly an administrator in a local area network, like network, wireless, routers devices for example mobile phones must be monitored. Moreover, this monitoring tool to share databases on a remote machine if HTTP and FTP has been able to connect as it helps us. This device allows starting the computer and shutting down the remote computer as well. 2.2  Install any available network monitoring tool on a computer having Windows Server 2008 and monitor the bandwidth usage over a period of at least 5 minutes. Figure1. It shows the dashboard IP addressed by bytes. Figure2. This picture represents the summary of capsa. 2.3  Analyze the information showed in the bandwidth monitoring graph to explain if the usage of network is reaching to its limits. First of all, I did install the capsa software. This software examines according the Internet protocol address. This represents the traffic buffet information. Moreover, this software gives information of summary and shows bytes, packets and bps so on. 2.4  Explain different technique for preventing performance problems to occur in a local area network. There are so many different techniques for preventing performance of a local area network. First, incline the number and speed of hard disk. Second,for load the balance of server should be added new servers and network functions. Increase to server memory is very vital for preventing the performance of a local area network.Also, should be setting of operating system. One thing is more; user should files moves from the server to the client PC.                                         TASK 3 3.1  Identify and explain different security exposures and violations concerned with the security of a local area network. Probes: Probes confirm for protected servers or services so as to might be successively on computer on user LAN. These tests are generally completed through programs that get a collection of IP addresses selected by the individual running the program. Moreover, there are some common services like mail, web and so on. Apart from this, when set up of other services then program try to observe. Furthermore, if it know how to login or else get access to that service. Probes are not to run some servers which you cannot recognized. Worms: A worm is a separate malware computer program. It is very harmful for network. Worm replicates itself to spread one system to another system. It does not require human intervention to spread. It makes unusual to storage devices. Virus: Viruses are normally not security threat in a local area network to PCs. Virus can create lots of troubles. Moreover, it can be change the implementation of processor. It can transmit the virus one computer to another computer as well. Furthermore, virus can do loss the data.Due to the virus processor working slowly. Trojan Horses: Trojan horse is any malicious computer program which is used for hack into a computer through misleading client of its correct intention. This threat attackers use for private information like as banking information, passwords and personal identity as well. Moreover, this threat use for spreading malware across the network. Also, it can be corrupt the data and deletion to files. 3.2 Determine the possible solutions to these exposure and violations by giving at least 1 example each form an industrial perspective. Solution of Virus: Malicious software is very helpful for removing the virus, because without malicious software is very to remove the virus. Apart from this, there are some removal tools as well. User should install antivirus software for removing the virus. As well, user ought to be keep antivirus application for updating the computer. Solution of Trojan Horses:- Firewall software could compose invisible to user PCs.Firewall software too advise to user while programs on user PCs try to the attached with internet without significance. It will give information if user gets some virus.User should remove problems which are affected by Trojan horses threat. TASK 4 4.1  The sender in a LAN send 10110110; a hacker alter the data and the receiver receive 10100110. As a network expert analysis to find out the position of error bit. P1 P2 1 P4 0 1 1 P8 0 1 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 P1 = 10101             Odd     P1=1 P2 = 11111             Odd     P2=1 P4 = 0110               Even    P4=0 P8 = 0110               Even    P8=0 Transmitting data 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Hacker attack the receiver data 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 P1= 1 1 0 0 0 1        Odd P2=1 1 1 0 1 1         Odd P4=0 0 1 0 0            Odd P8=0 0 1 1 0            Even Add parity bit: P1+P2+P4+P8= P7 So, P7 position is wrong. 4.2 Analysis a 10 bit sequence 1010011110 and a divisor of 1011 for error checking using CRC. Data: 1010011110 Divisor:1011 1001000111 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1                                           1001000111 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 <
Wednesday, October 2, 2019
Morality and Responsibility - Moral Development in Mary Shelleys Frank
Moral Development in Shelley's Frankenstein   Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is a commentary on the natural disposition of man. By personifying her vision of a natural everyman character in the form of Victor Frankenstein's creation, The Creature, Shelley explores the natural state as well as the moral development of man, and develops conclusions regarding both. But before Shelley could create her commentary on man's natural dispositions, she was in need of a character to represent her "natural everyman." The character she needed had to possess the same qualities as that of a man in his most natural state. The most common character to represent man in his most natural state is that of a newborn. A newborn is, of course, a new human being in every respect, and a newborn has no past experiences that would taint his role as a natural everyman. However, a newborn is subject to the elements of the outside world without the ability to freely interact with those elements. A newborn cannot defend itself from alien environments that bring in new ideas, new friends, new enemies, and new challenges. Shelley's character must be able to always act upon his own free will (or be "freely" influenced by deterministic processes, depending on one's school or thought). However, a newborn is not able to accomplish this; there is too much ambiguity in what determines and develops a newborn's state of mind. Shelley needed something "better" than a newborn. Victor Frankenstein's creation is the answer to his dilemma. The Creature does not possess any of the shortcomings discussed above. He is brought into this world as a fully mobile human, able to act, as he chooses, not dependant upon other human beings to survive. In The Creature, Shelley ... .... Chapter 15. 4.   Shelley. Chapter 16. 5.   Shelley. Letter 2. 6.   Shelley. Chapter 21. Works Cited and Consulted Bloom, Harold. Mary Shelly's Frankenstein. New York: Chelsea, 1987. Garber, Frederick. The Autonomy of the Self from Richardson to Huysmans. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982. Marder, Daniel. Exiles at Home: A Story of Literature in Nineteenth Century America. Lanham: University Press of America, Inc., 1984. Patterson, Arthur Paul. A Frankenstein Study. http://www.watershed.winnipeg.mb.ca/Frankenstein.html Smith, Christopher. Frankenstein as Prometheus. http://www.umich.edu/~umfandsf/class/sf/books/frank/papers/FrankCS.html Spark, Muriel. Mary Shelly. New York: Dutton, 1987. Williams, Bill. On Shelley's Use of Nature Imagery. http://www.umich.edu/~umfandsf/class/sf/books/frank/papers/FrankWJW.html Morality and Responsibility - Moral Development in Mary Shelley's Frank Moral Development in Shelley's Frankenstein   Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is a commentary on the natural disposition of man. By personifying her vision of a natural everyman character in the form of Victor Frankenstein's creation, The Creature, Shelley explores the natural state as well as the moral development of man, and develops conclusions regarding both. But before Shelley could create her commentary on man's natural dispositions, she was in need of a character to represent her "natural everyman." The character she needed had to possess the same qualities as that of a man in his most natural state. The most common character to represent man in his most natural state is that of a newborn. A newborn is, of course, a new human being in every respect, and a newborn has no past experiences that would taint his role as a natural everyman. However, a newborn is subject to the elements of the outside world without the ability to freely interact with those elements. A newborn cannot defend itself from alien environments that bring in new ideas, new friends, new enemies, and new challenges. Shelley's character must be able to always act upon his own free will (or be "freely" influenced by deterministic processes, depending on one's school or thought). However, a newborn is not able to accomplish this; there is too much ambiguity in what determines and develops a newborn's state of mind. Shelley needed something "better" than a newborn. Victor Frankenstein's creation is the answer to his dilemma. The Creature does not possess any of the shortcomings discussed above. He is brought into this world as a fully mobile human, able to act, as he chooses, not dependant upon other human beings to survive. In The Creature, Shelley ... .... Chapter 15. 4.   Shelley. Chapter 16. 5.   Shelley. Letter 2. 6.   Shelley. Chapter 21. Works Cited and Consulted Bloom, Harold. Mary Shelly's Frankenstein. New York: Chelsea, 1987. Garber, Frederick. The Autonomy of the Self from Richardson to Huysmans. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982. Marder, Daniel. Exiles at Home: A Story of Literature in Nineteenth Century America. Lanham: University Press of America, Inc., 1984. Patterson, Arthur Paul. A Frankenstein Study. http://www.watershed.winnipeg.mb.ca/Frankenstein.html Smith, Christopher. Frankenstein as Prometheus. http://www.umich.edu/~umfandsf/class/sf/books/frank/papers/FrankCS.html Spark, Muriel. Mary Shelly. New York: Dutton, 1987. Williams, Bill. On Shelley's Use of Nature Imagery. http://www.umich.edu/~umfandsf/class/sf/books/frank/papers/FrankWJW.html
Tuesday, October 1, 2019
Anime on TV :: Essays Papers
Anime on TV Since the birth of Anime, the American television market has been a player in the industry. When Tetsuan Atom made its debut in 1963 as the dream of a humble comic book artist, few would have guessed the impact it would have on the world of entertainment and the economy of Japan. Discovered by a NBC executives in Japan selling shows for syndication, Astro Boy as it came to be known in the states, started a revolution in Japanese entertainment and giving America, and the world, its first taste of Anime. The success of Astro Boy led to the overnight development of an Anime industry filled with copycats, originals, and half way attempts that lead to what we see today. Famous names like Miyazaki, Otomo, and Rintaro all made their start in the industry that came from the humble beginnings as the gleam in the eye of a man named Tezuka. Over the next three decades anime made repeated leaps into the American market, Kimba the white lion, Speed Racer and Robotech gave way to Transformers, Voltron, and Sailor Moon. Eventually, Dragonball made its debut. All the while Anime was slowly gaining its place in America, meanwhile in Japan it was developing into a full-fledged industry. Today, the American industry of showing Anime has developed to a five plus hour per day airing across multiple networks and cable channels. While the early exposures where largely unchanged, as other, more mature titles where purchased for the US market the editing process began. Due to the US stigma of animation as a strictly children’s medium, shows where edited for language, content, and story. While it is debatable as to whether these changes ruined or improved the anime, it is undeniable that it gave Anime the one thing it needed most to make it in the American market: exposure. Exposure makes market High exposure leads to a larger fan base and while many have no clue or interest in what exactly anime is, carefull look at the TV industry allows one to follow a clear trend, if we have 100 pokemon fans in 1998, then in 2000 we have about 75 DBZ fans who now hate pokemon, in 2002 we have around 45 lovers of Cowboy Bebop, Outlaw Star, Inuyasha, and around 20 hard core otaku who have found the world of fan and digi subs. By 2010, we have an anime industry with accolades of fans swarming in unprecedented numbers, all because a few shows debuted on TV back in the day.
The Importance of External Factors in Influencing the Conducting
The Importance of External Factors In Influencing The Conducting Of US Foreign Policy To answer the essay question, external factors are indeed important in influencing the conducting of American foreign policy, as they are for all countries. They are important because they determine the direction American foreign policy takes, and with it, can drastically alter the futures of entire countries (Iraq & Afghanistan post 9/11).This essay will devote itself to exploring and explaining how each external factor is important and influential, and proceed to back it up by providing historic and modern examples detailing its effect on US foreign policy, and the end results. These external factors that will be explored are (sequentially) strategic interests of other nations, geographically-based vulnerabilities of the USA in relation to economic and military interests and finally the successes of grass roots revolution in the Arab Spring in upending both long-standing allies and enemies, and it s effect on traditional US foreign policy stances.The first external factor is the strategic interests of both allies and enemies across the world. Due to the USA’s current position as a hyper-power with a global presence, its influence and interests often collide with those interests or spheres of influence of other nations, ranging from allies such as the United Kingdom, Israel and Poland, to long-time rivals such as the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China or find itself involved in a conflict between two different nations (such as the Falklands issue or the current Israel-Iran crisis).In such situations where the USA must interact with other involved nation-states, the USA has either attempted to compromise with the other parties involved in an attempt to reach an amicable solution or fully backed a local ally/pursued its own objectives to the detriment of local nation-states.One of the more notable examples of the first is in the long-running nego tiations with North Korea, where six-country negotiations (featuring Russia, America, China, Japan and both Koreas) have been ongoing since 2003, primarily concerning North Korea’s nuclear program but also the normalization of trade, demilitarization and normalization of diplomatic relations.In no less than six different rounds of negotiations (with a seventh one starting in 2012), the United States has sat down for talks with the isolationist North Koreans, attempting to reach an agreement to the satisfaction of all the regional powers involved, an agreement that would see international concerns over North Korea’s nuclear program addressed, as well as pave a way towards future reunification.While talks have continually broken down or bore little fruit, this is more so due to unrealistic North Korean demands and various violations than the USA negotiating under false pretenses or seeking personal advancement. The North Korean talks in particular stand as a specific cas e where the USA has and continues to work alongside regional powers for the benefit of all involved. The second approach taken by the USA is that of fully favoring one side or party in a conflict or situation (usually a long-term ally or one of more relevance) over the other side, sometimes to its own eventual detriment.A prime example of this would be the Israel-Palestine situation in the Middle East today. While the United States has several allies among the Arab nations (Jordan, the Gulf states, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, formerly Egypt†¦), it has always prioritized Israel as its main ally in the region, providing it with billions of dollars yearly in grants, equipping it with some of the most advanced military technology in the world and sharing intelligence since the 1950s.As a result of these incredibly close ties to the Jewish state, the United States is often viewed as responsible or linked to Israel’s actions, while at the same benefiting from its use as a local proxy . So mutually linked however are the two nation-states, that it has directly anchored the USA into the morass of the Israeli-Palestine situation, an action that has often invited Arab rage against the Americans, most infamously concerning Al Qaeda and the 9/11 attack.While pure political/strategic matters are a critical and pervasive external factor in US foreign policy, there is also a backdrop of geography-based concerns that are particularly dangerous to the US’s foreign policy aims. The first element of geographic factor is an economic concern relating the international shipping lanes such as those of the Persian Gulf, while the second element is a military one, involving the supplying of NATO military forces in the land-locked status of Afghanistan.The first element is the more globally threatening one, as shipping lanes such as those of the Panama Canal (Central America), the Horn of Africa (East Africa) and the Hormuz Straits (Persian Gulf) are economic chokepoints, im portant to not only a hyper-power as the USA but the entire world economy. They are important because they are integral waterways in the world economy, shipping massive amounts of Persian Gulf oil daily across the world to countries such as India, China and the USA (nearly 46% of the world’s seaborne petroleum is shipped through both areas together).For the US specifically however, the Persian Gulf is a life-line that cannot be severed, even for a brief period. In 2006 for example, U. S. gross oil imports from the Persian Gulf were 2. 2 million barrels per day, accounting for 17 percent of the US total net oil imports. As such, oil-client states such as India, China, America, and Britain among others have warships detailed to the regions to protect and ensure safe shipping, as well as dealing with piracy.The USA specifically maintains its 5th Fleet in the area, being responsible for the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf, the Arabian Sea and the Gulfs of Aden & Oman. The second elemen t, the military one is far more US-centric, however. Ever since the invasion of Afghanistan in 2001, NATO forces in the country have been reliant on supply routes going through Pakistan in order to continue operating. As reported by CJ Radin, the supply route starts at the Pakistani port of Karachi, where ships dock and offload their supplies onto trucks.The trucks then drive through Pakistan and enter Afghanistan through either the Khyber Pass near Peshawar or through the Chaman crossing near Quetta. However, due to multiple incidents (the OBL Abbottabad raid, drone airstrikes killing Pakistani citizens, various cross-border raids, Pakistani covert support to Taliban cells, Taliban ambushes of supply convoys from the Pakistani border, etc†¦), the relationship between Pakistan and the USA has grown strained, first limiting and then stopping the supplies landing from Karachi.As a whole, the Pakistani route was quite crucial to the NATO military effort, being the closest and most developed friendly port/road network into Afghanistan. Without supplies, NAO faced a struggle to continue their operations against resilient Taliban cells, a struggle that was slowly relieved by the slow build up of a northern network over the course of the last four years through Russia, Turkey and various Baltic, Caucasian & Central Asian states.This network has two different routes, one starting at a Baltic port, then by rail through Russia, Kazakhstan, and then to Uzbekistan before reaching NATO, while the other brings supplies by ship or rail to a Georgian port on the Black Sea, then by rail through Georgia and Azerbaijan, by ferry across the Caspian Sea, and by rail again through Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, though it is reportedly by far the most limited.Overall, nearly 35% of US supplies in April 2010, 50% in April 2011, and 55%-65% in July-Sept 2011 came from the new northern network, while other NATO forces received roughly 40% the northern network. These instances both ind icate the striking lengths that the USA is affected by such vulnerabilities, as well as how strongly they are tied to American economic and military instances. In discussing American interests in regions such as Central Asia and the Middle East, one cannot ignore the effects of the Arab Spring.While much ink has devoted to this subject since 2011, here in this essay I will only focus on its affect on traditional US foreign policy stances. To put it simply, since the Cold War, the United States has gained a habit of often backing authoritarian or despotic regimes, monarchies such as Saudi Arabia and Iran (prior to the Islamic Revolution) or strongman republics such as Yemen and Pakistan.These countries repressed their citizenry, yet as long as they were American allies, they were celebrated, or even praised as loyal and as champions of stability and good, while other authoritarian regimes received lambasting and sanctions and other punishments. While Iraq received democracy and liber ation from Saddam, while Condoleezza Rice spoke of the violence wrecked upon Hamas-ruled Gaza and Hezballoh-influenced Lebanon as the â€Å"birth pangs of a new Middle East†, it was the Arab Spring that brought forth a new Middle East.Over a dozen homegrown instances of civil resistance, of rebellion, of revolution, successful or otherwise, all attempted and/or achieved without US prompting. In Libya, in Egypt, in Tunisia, Yemen, long-standing regimes have fallen. Authentic democracies are starting to develop, democracies with no inherent ties or links to the United States, with no reason to reach out to them directly. If I can quote Noam Chomsky on one thing, it’s that the USA cannot count on these new governments to be as friendly or welcoming as their predecessors.It can’t treat these new governments as their predecessors, it can’t control their opinions on Israel or Iran, it can’t easily buy their loyalties, not as things are still unfolding. I n effect, the United States now has to come up with new policies, new strategies to deal with these countries, to decide on continuing pre-existing deals or renegotiate new ones. In conclusion, there are several very important external factors that influence how American foreign policy is conducted, and they are truly important.Learning to how to recognize and compromise in order to accept the strategic interests of other nations, how to handle the geographic limitations and vulnerabilities that often define or control the options available in a situation, and how to adapt to dealing with lesser, developing nations that while democratic are not favorable to you or your interests. Bibliography CJ Radin, 2011, Focus ‘Analysis: The US-Pakistan relationship and the critical factor of supply’ [online] 4 December. Available: Daily Mail Reporter, 2011, Focus: ‘Pakistan gives US two week ultimatum’ [online] 8 November. Available: http://www. dailymail. co. uk/news /article-2066488/Pakistan-gives-US-2-week-ultimatum-abandon-secret-airbase-closes-border. html Cox, M. and Stoke, D. , 2008, US Foreign Policy, Oxford: Oxford University Press Lansford, T. , 2003, A Bitter Harvest: US Foreign Policy & Afghanistan, Ashgate Holsti, O. , 2006, Making American Foreign Policy, Routledge DeAlkatine, N. , 2012, American Diplomacy: Interpreting the Arab Spring, Journal, Range 1996, Available from UWE Library
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