Outline Of A Speech On Climate Change Essay - 1628 Words

Topic: Climate Change Specific Purpose: To persuade people to change their views on global warming. Thesis Statement: Climate change is no joke. If we don t do something about it now, it will be too late. I. Introduction Attention material/Credibility: No we’re not hungry, no we’re not worried. We’re just living life right now. Tomorrow? What is Tomorrow? If we for a second, glimpse into the future, we would see people suffering from the thoughtless decisions we are making right now. I don t want to see my family starving or without water. If you don t care about your self, then care for your family, or for your future family. They are the ones that will be affected by climate change. Tie to the audience: Your family could be affected by climate change in less then 50 years. Thesis and Preview: Today I will talk to you about what is causing climate change, the effect it will have on us, and finally, how to prevent it. [Transition to body]: Let’s get straight to it. II. Body Why is global warming happening all over the world? 1. We the people are are a problem to global warming. a. We have been influencing climate change for some time now. Through the industrial revolution, a growth in the size of the population, and our daily activities, are releasing green house gases. Green house gases affect the earth by, absorbing the reflection of sunlight once it hits the earth. This causes the atmosphere, the oceans, and the surface of the land to warm up. b. The burningShow MoreRelatedParis Protocol960 Words   |  4 PagesThe Decision to Leave the Paris Agreement Will Hurt the US and the World D’Angelo, Elias. Global Climate Change: International Perspectives and Responses. Nova Science Publishers, Inc. 2009. Elias D’Angelo’s book Global Climate Change: International Perspectives and Responses examines the global response to climate change. It provides a history of climate change, discusses perspectives of various nations and policies that have been implemented in order to reduce greenhouse gases, and the resultsRead More Internet Essay1535 Words   |  7 PagesInternet Speech to Motivate a. Speech title (Tip - Should have a literary quality): â€Å" The Lungs of the Earth† b. Topic (Tip - narrow and adapt to audience, see ch. 5 in text): The Amazon Forest c. Purpose Statements (See sample W.O.R.M.S. and ch. 5 in text): 1. General Purpose: To persuade my audience. 2. Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience to do one of these things to help preserve the Amazon Forest: write a letter, recycling, form and support a organization, or/andRead MoreAnalysis Of Hate Speech1729 Words   |  7 Pagesof hate speech laws between Japan and the United States. I will analyze hate rhetoric stemming from the years 1980-to present day. Today s political climate has generated a rebirth of hate speech in both countries. Hate speech is a concern for those who believe in the right to free speech and expression. I will outline the historical background that expands on the usage of technology that incites hateful rhetoric towards targeted groups residing within these countries, and propose a change in policy-makingRead MoreTypes Of Language During Hunts1373 Words   |  6 Pagessuggested the Neanderthals had the capacity for speech, however the gene does more than allow speech. Finding the hyoid bone was necessary to establish the fact Neanderthals had language b ecause the FOXP2 gene is pleiotropic and could have had other roles in body function other than language. Culture and language are interrelated, culture being taught by language and language is learned through culture. Science has determined the Neanderthals had speech and were able to communicate with AMH (JohanssonRead MoreThe Mission Requires Training and Education but Most of All, Leadership915 Words   |  4 Pagescommand climate, institutes the training and education program through which an organization prepares itself to accomplish the mission, and individuals in the organization executing the day to day jobs based upon the training and education required of their area of expertise. Any combat unit should encourage maximum physical fitness, but that conditioning must consist of a focus on balancing moral and ethical behavior throughout all phases of training including combat. Therefore, command climate, specificallyRead MoreEmployee Silence And Promoting Free Environment1 283 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION Employees in today’s society play a crucial role in the success of organizations. They possess critical abilities of exerting creativity, innovation and change. Yet these sources of success are not always applied, due to silence in the workplace. Breaking this employee silence and promoting free climate to encourage speaking up are obstacles managers face. The degree of communication and connection between managers and employees in organizations is vital when determining organizationalRead MoreImpact of Deforestation on the Earth Essay1375 Words   |  6 Pagesprofit is also depleting our forests. Another travesty of commercial logging is the damage caused to other trees that surround or are in the path of the trees being harvested. Logging also increases the destruction to forests in the event of fire as outline in the article entitled â€Å"Deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia: History, Rates and Consequences† written by Philip M. Fearnside, â€Å"Logging greatly increase the susceptibility of forest to fire. Once fire enters it kills trees and increases fuel loadsRead More21st Century Leadership1633 Words   |  7 Pageshis book Emotional Intelligence will serve as the guideline for much of this discussion. In Resonant Leadership; Renewing Yourself and Connecting with Others Through Mindfulness, Hope, and Compassion authors Richard Boyatzis and Annie McKee outline the highly stressful condition that leadership faces in today’s challenging business environment. Resonant Leadership continues the work begun in Daniel Goleman’s work on Emotional Intelligence. Authors Boyatzis and McKee apply the concepts of emotionalRead MoreThemes in President Obamas 2014 State of the Union Address574 Words   |  2 Pageswhich the president reports on the state of the nation and outlines a legislative program every year. Throughout the speech he addresses major topics; foreign policy, unemployment and, etc. Obama calls 2014 is the â€Å"year of action†. Calling both parties to help make this a breakthrough year in the United States by bringing back more good jobs and expanding opportunities for the middle class. The overall performance of President Obamas speech is excellent, at th e start he was inclusive, to include everyRead MoreSpeech Outline On Nuclear And Mechanical Engineering2827 Words   |  12 PagesBaccalaureate of Science in Nuclear and Mechanical Engineering Idaho State University Re: Submission of persuasive speech outline The speech outline has been done following the sample outline for persuasive speech in principles of speech course supplement book on page 147 and implementing the persuasive skeleton outline format on page 146. The table of content will help navigate through the outline if you click on the desired section. Regards, Yakob Kassa Table of Contents Attention Step 3 Problem/Need

Team Importance Week 3 Hcs 325 - 1005 Words

Introduction No management position is easy these days. There are many rules and regulations to follow, as well as many responsibilities that grow more over time. One of the responsibilities as a manager is to improve efficiency of the company and extend customer satisfaction. Not only does this take money, but time, skill, and teamwork. As the manager of a busy call center, the call volume has increased so much that there is an extra $20,000 to spend on improving customer satisfaction and efficiency. How can this be spent wisely to reach these goals? Teamwork is top on the list of importance because without a team, there is no business. Teams provide many things to a health care facility, as well as any other successful business.†¦show more content†¦At basic training, you learn about being the member of a unit†. She also states that after you leave that basic training, you are still responsible for your unit and whether or not you like a team member, you will still h onor and protect each other. The military is so tightly compact, they are like a family. This sets examples for teamwork in the health care organizations because whether or not you like a team member, that does not mean you cannot help the company you work for succeed along with yourselves. The military’s company is the United States. Should they not work together well, they could die and others lives would then be at stake. It is the same concept with businesses. Should the team not work together well and improve, then one, the company ends up dying, then everyone working loses their jobs. Just because one industry is different than the other, they could very well learn important lessons about team work from each other. Conclusion Industries around the world are very different but also alike in so many ways. The military is a great industry to look at for things like team work, because the health care industries can learn how to improve their quality of care and customer (patient) satisfaction. Having that extra money can benefit the companies when they focus on improving team work alone. Lessons are learned all around. References: Donald J. Lombardi, John R. Schermerhorn, Brian Kramer; 2007, John Wiley amp; Sons Inc, â€Å"Managerial andShow MoreRelatedHcs 325 Essay1056 Words   |  5 PagesWeek - 3 Importance of Teams Murugareddy Pattiputtur University of Phoenix HCS/325 Dawn Sienkiewicz November 10, 2012 Abstract Teams are formed when individuals with a common taste, preference, liking, and attitude come and work together for a common goal. Teams play a very important role in organizations as well as our personal lives. Teamwork is essential for competing in todays global arena, where individual perfection is not as desirable as a high level of collective performanceRead MoreHigh Tech Case Study6539 Words   |  27 Pages__________________________________________________ Problem and Associated Reason #3. _______________________________________________ Action(s) to prevent Problem #3.__________________________________________________ HI-TECH RESEARCH LABORATORY On a Friday morning in late December, 2002, Sam Lacy, Head of the Physical Sciences Division of Hi-Tech Research Laboratory (HRL) thought about two letters which lay on his desk. One, which he had received a few weeks before, was a progress report from Robert Kirk, recentlyRead MoreEvaluation Of A Person With An Acute Diabetic Foot Problem5070 Words   |  21 PagesFurther consider the role of the multidisciplinary foot team and discuss referral at the most appropriate stage of each intervention. Word count: 3920 Introduction 3 Methodology 3 The case 3 Background 5 Assessment and Diagnosis 6 Osteomyelitis 9 Classification of diabetic foot ulcers 11 Treatment 13 Debridement and wound dressings 13 Management of infection 13 Offloading 14 Glucose control 15 The role of the multidisciplinary foot team 16 Conclusion 17 Introduction This assignment will discussRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesnaà ¯ve. Just a joke. I found that every Friday and Saturday night my door was taking  £30,000 and the security team was making  £40,000 on Ecstasy. It happens everywhere in the UK leisure business. There are all these fat bastards running chains of discos and bowling alleys, and none of them admits it. We went through a really traumatic time at the club.1 Palumbo changed his security team, bringing in security professionals from the North of England 1 New Statesman, 5 September (1997). ThisRead More1000 Word Essay85965 Words   |  344 PagesCamouflage, Concealment and Decoys ...................... Maintenance ........................................ Communications ..................................... Supply Economy ..................................... 311 313 325 338 348 352 356 359 365 373 378 382 387 Page 3 / 389  © Copyright 1999-2012 ArmyStudyGuide.com Version 5.3 Army Programs What does ASAP stand for? Army Substance Abuse Program (AR 600-85 Mar 2006) What is the mission of ASAP? The ASAP’s mission is to strengthen theRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesavailable Typeset by SPI Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India Printed in Great Britain on acid-free paper by Antony Rowe Ltd., Chippenham, Wiltshire ISBN 0–19–928335–4 978–0–19–928335–4 ISBN 0–19–928336–2 (Pbk.) 978–0–19–928336–1 (Pbk.) 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 3 FOREWORD ‘ Michael Bromwich is an exemplar of all that is good about the British tradition of academic accounting. Serious in intent, he has striven both to illuminate practice and to provide ways of improving it. Although alwaysRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesany way that suggests that the book Logical Reasoning or its author endorse you or your use of the work). (2) Noncommercial You may not use this work for commercial purposes (for example, by inserting passages into a book that is sold to students). (3) No Derivative Works You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. An earlier version of the book was published by Wadsworth Publishing Company, Belmont, California USA in 1993 with ISBN number 0-534-17688-7. When Wadsworth decided no longer

Studio by Philip Guston Essay Example For Students

Studio by Philip Guston Essay The content of Gustons painting â€Å"Studio,† affected how he chose to paint by reintroducing figuration to his painting. He created the cartoon-like objects and figure that were painted with images familiar to him since childhood such as the hooded figure of the Ku Klux Klan, to everyday objects such as light bulb and cigarette. Guston depicts a hooded figure that is drawing a reflection of its self which has a lot of hidden meaning behind it. He was the first painter to return to figuration in the post-War era after straying away from abstract expressionism. The way this painting came about was at the end of the 1960s, he started on an intense phase of drawing, something that began his breaking away in painting from the â€Å"purity† demanded of abstract art. Guston introduced figures and fragments of figures into his works such as the â€Å"studio. They were featured in a lot of his pink, red, black and blue canvases, smoking, drinking, and painting. Large heads and all different kind of architectural things such as walls, doors, and lamp bulbs are among Guston’s themes. I think Gustons childhood tragedies play a big part in this painting. He wanted reflect the mess of modern America during that time period by abandoning abstraction for a return to the figurative style of his prior years and creating a painting that seemed so vulgar and raw, yet so oddly comic. Guston wanted this painting to be a message so he was courageous enough to reveal one of the most controversial paintings of the age. This painting could be interpreted many ways and looked at from different point of views. Guston’s late paintings were not well received because representational painting was considered to be a dead art form in the 1960s. Much of the art that was considered advanced at the time was abstract, such as color-field painting. This painting was just a piece of his collection where he wanted to send a message and have each one convey an intended point. He broadcast his perception of the world and society through his experiences with these paintings. The world events, as well as imagery drawn from his personal experiences, have defined his work throughout his career. Guston debuted a new body of work at a gallery in New York City. The new paintings featured a gang of hooded figures, recognizable as members of the Ku Klux Klan. The pictures also showed the figures making and looking at paintings, and sitting in sparsely furnished rooms smoking and talking. Critics, as well as many fellow artists, strongly disliked Guston’s new works when they were first shown. They thought that he had betrayed the cause of abstraction by reintroducing representational objects into his paintings. Some people accused Guston of hopping onto the Pop Art. Gutson didn’t mind all the scrutiny and accusations because at the end of the day he still painting what was in him. He became one of the most recognized artists in modern art which led to his style being used in

The Owls Are Not What They Seem free essay sample

Essay, Research Paper Twin Peaks was one of the most popular shows on telecasting during its first season, aired in 1990. The show was based in little town America, and was easy related to by immature and in-between aged viewing audiences. The series begins with the slaying of an American icon, the Homecoming queen Laura Palmer. The full series spawned from the individual image of a immature beautiful girl s dead organic structure that washed up on the shore. This image led to others similar to it- the force and disdain towards adult females. The adult females of Twin Peaks wholly seemed to hold something in common, where they were all either murdered, portrayed as weak, delusory, and/or abused by the male characters. The dangers that stem from demoing such images on national telecasting are that the audience, typically composed of males, would go desensitized to these images, and farther, believe that the bold stance that Twin Peaks takes on muliebrity is true. We will write a custom essay sample on The Owls Are Not What They Seem or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Twin Peaks treats domestic force and maltreatment with a creepy insensitiveness. The incestuous relationship between Laura and her male parent Leland is about ignored- being blamed on the genitive spirit, BOB. After Leland s confession and self-destruction, Agent Cooper asks Sheriff Truman whether he would prefer to believe that BOB worked through Leland or that a adult male would ravish and slay his ain girl. At this minute Twin Peaks articulates a alteration of the seduction theory. Small misss are non abused by their male parents ; if they meet an unhappy terminal, the ground must be sought outside the household circle ( Desmet 98 ) . This reinforces societies urge non to straight confront its jobs, but instead turn away in a convenient mode. Twin Peaks expresses this impulse by concealing Leland s individuality as the rapist/murder so good, until it is eventually showed to the audience when Leland viciously murders his niece Maddy. Could it be that the ground it is impossible to place Leland as the slayer, is because the spectator does non desire to? The audience knows that Leland is capable of slaying after he is seen slaying Jacques Renault, but they still do non desire to believe that Leland would kill his girl. There are hints, nevertheless, which do indicate the incrimination towards Leland, but these are neer straight mentioned or officially addressed. Laura is seen shouting out for aid, but is excessively scared to come out and state anything, even to the 1s she loves. This addresses American society s will to hold its adult females be inactive and voiceless. [ Laura s ] cocaine wont, her engagement in erotica, her calling as a cocotte at One-Eyed-Jack s, and her desire to happen a male parent replacement or male defender in Doctor Jacoby and others, all identify Laura Palmer as an incest victim inquiring for aid ( Desmet 94 ) . It is typical in America for males to disregard the demands of adult females because they would instead assist themselves and others of their gender. Twin Peaks reinforces this belief by feeding this thought to a mass audience, which, in this instance, is typically composed of males. The stance that Twin Peaks takes on the feminine, force, and gender can be viewed as unsafe in a society such as ours. Throughout the series, adult females are viewed as sex objects, every bit good as objects that males can take their aggression out on in a violent mode without any effects. In the series, Laura, Maddy, Teresa Banks, Caroline Earle, Audrey, Annie Blackburne, and Blackie O Reilly all dice at the custodies of work forces, who have no reverberations for their actions. Besides, each of the adult females who die in the series, are at one clip or another put into sexual state of affairss, turning the adult females into objects ( or in some facets, prostitutes ) used merely for sexual intents, which, in the male witting, removes any duty to see them as existent people. In a society as riddled with domestic force as ours, it is hazardous concern to feed a mass audience the thought that the miss following door might be a prostitute, that the seductive stripling possibly wants a existent adult male to ache her ( George 115 ) . The effects for the visions that Twin Peaks portrays is that it is acceptable for work forces to sexual maltreatment, injury or even murder adult females, without any reverberations for their actions. The desensitisation of force and sexual maltreatment directed towards adult females, by work forces, is non without its effects. In the US a adult female is battered every 15 seconds. A colza is committed every six proceedingss. Three to four million adult females are beaten in their places. Over half of the work forces in a study of college pupils said they would ravish a adult female if they were certain they could acquire away with it. Furthermore, one out of eight Hollywood films depicts a colza subject, and by age 18, the mean American young person has watched 250,000 Acts of the Apostless of force on telecasting ( Ms. 33-58 ) . In the instance of Twin Peaks, the force towards adult females is highly inordinate. What is about more distressing than the existent force portrayed, is that harmonizing to the spectator polls, the bulk of the loyal viewing audiences of the series were adolescent males. The screening of Twin Peaks requires trueness ( most viewing audiences who missed se veral episodes stopped watching the series ) , and hence requires the audience to excuse the force directed towards adult females. Could it be a possibility that the force in Twin Peaks has affected the conscious of immature male viewing audiences and had desensitized them to the actions and secret plans shown in Twin Peaks? Female gender is of import to analyse when sing Twin Peaks because it allows the audience to see both how adult females view themselves sexually, and how work forces view adult females sexually. The most evident contrast of gender appears be between Laura and Maddy. Laura and Maddy seem to exemplify the familiar patriarchal division of adult females into virgins and prostitutes: Maddy is chaste where Laura is motiveless, solicitous of her relations where Laura brought them merely heartache, and is considerate of the teenage friends Laura exploited ( Desmet 100 ) . This division reinforces to the male audience that they must see adult females as virgins or prostitutes. The consequence of this in society is that males will be less swearing and more prone to force towards the adult females they see as prostitutes, and to disregard the adult females they see as inactive virgins. Although the series depicts such atrocious images of the different maltreatment towards adult females, it is non the purpose to excuse these actions, but instead, to demo the viewing audiences the world and errors in American civilization. As Dr. Jacoby says to Agent Cooper, The jobs of our full society are of a sexual nature. To some extent, this is true. Unfortunately, Twin Peaks is no exclusion to these jobs. What s new about telecasting working our love matter with the interfaces of sex and decease, or our hungriness for seeing adult females dead or maimed, or mutilated, or suicidal or raped or incapacitated, particularly if they are sexually active ( George 110 ) ? Twin Peaks feeds off of the lecherousness of society to see adult females in these state of affairss, which can be seen as merely a agency to have high spectator evaluations ( which it did ) . There are few, if any, strong adult females in the town of Twin Peaks. The lone strong adult females to be are Nadine ( who is merely physically strong ) , Catherine, Denise, and Norma. All the others female characters are seen as weak and incapacitated, in demand of a male character for support. Nadine, who after trying self-destruction, becomes physically strong due to an inordinate epinephrine production. She is, at this point, besides insane, believing she is 18 old ages old and in high school. Even though she is strong, she is still treated as an object by high school pupil Mike, who merely dates her for the sexual satisfaction that merely a adult female every bit strong as Nadine could offer. Catherine is seen as strong and oblique, but must conceal behind the costume of a adult male, Tojimura, in order to carry through her desires of power and money. This is really evocative of how adult females in society, particularly in the work force, are treated otherwise from work forces. Womans non merely still have problem progressing in the concern universe, but are by and large paid less so work forces. This may stem from the work forces in the work force non taking adult females earnestly plenty as to listen to their thoughts. Twin Peaks reinforces this fact by Catherine ever falling short to Ben Horn, the of import and powerful man of affairs, and proprietor of the most of import commercial activities in Twin Peaks- Ghostwood Estates and the Great Northern Hotel. By demoing this, Twin Peaks forces its audience to believe that adult females are inferior in respects to concern affairs. Denise has the strongest female function in Twin Peaks, but it comes as no surprise that the character is a transvestic played by David Duchovny. When Cooper about dies at Jean Renault s custodies, it is non Audrey, but Denise, the transvestic Drug Enforcement Agent, who comes to the deliverance. The merely good adult female, it seems, is truly a adult male ( Desmet 103 ) . This is one ground why Denise makes so many work forces uncomfortable. They do non cognize how to respond to Denise- they want to handle her like they would to any other adult females, but can non, because she possesses the indispensable male variety meats. The message that this portrays to the audience is a strong, but confounding one. In order for a adult female to be strong, she must non be castrated from the phallus ( see subdivision on the Man From Another Topographic point and Cooper s judgement in the Black Lodge ) . Denise can win in Twin Peaks because she has the physical and mental capacity of a adult ma le, and hence the audience sees this as true in society. Audrey is a really of import character to understanding adult females in the series. Audrey provides an first-class illustration of what happens in Twin Peaks when the adult female transgresses by taking over the male function ( Kuzniar 122 ) . When she tries to assist work out Laura s slaying by look intoing the brothel, One-Eyed Jack s, she ends up being captured, and causes Cooper to be emerged in legal problem for traversing the Canadian boundary line to deliver her. By Audrey trying to take over the traditional male function, there are black effects for both her and Cooper. Merely work forces are presumed either to k now or to be intellectually or intuitively equipped to happen out what they do non yet know ( Kuzniar 128 ) . What this portrays to the spectator is that when a adult female disobeys her traditional inactive function, she non merely fails, but besides ends up conveying lay waste toing effects to herself and the people environing her. Norma Jennings remains the lone female character strong plenty to defy the subjugation that the male characters try to put on her. She begins the divorce procedure against her murderous hubby ( who is arrested for parole misdemeanor before the divorce takes topographic point ) , and farther does non let herself to be put into any places where she will be forced to depend on a masculine character. Norma does, nevertheless, appear as a submissive female, working ( but still having ) at the Double R diner. She merely appears to the audience in her bluish work uniform, which resembles that of a amah ( the quintessential theoretical account of a submissive female ) . So even the lone existent strong female character still appears as submissive, functioning nutrient to and cleaning up after the hungry work forces of Twin Peaks. Norma s character shows that the lone manner for a adult female to win in society is to set up the fa fruit drink that she is ready to kneel down and serve those po ssessing the male function. Twin Peaks offers its ain point of view on the masculine, every bit good as the masculine reaction to the feminine. The male characters in the series about ever have the same societal mentalities on what is masculine and what is feminine. Work force are thought to be gallant, strong, dominating- both socially and sexually- , and destructive. Womans appear to be submissive, weak, viewed as objects, and appear about evil. These points play an of import function in the developments of the series and the characters ( or miss at that place of ) . BOB, who appears as a representative of the masculine in society, treats his adult females as objects, instead than people. He kills adult females without any vacillation or compunction. By seting the letters of his name under the fingernails of his stripling victims, BOB brands them as his belongings even as he violates them ( Desmet 102 ) . This thought of adult females as belongings is non uncommon in American society. In a more realistic manner, Leo besides treats his married woman Shelly as belongings instead than a partner, which allows him to take from himself any thought that Shelly is a individual, and hence can see her as an object. Leo invariably beats Shelly whenever his is angry about anything and diminishes her self-esteem by shouting and dissing her. Shelly herself appears weak when she eventually garners the bravery to eventually hit Leo. She takes one non-fatal shooting at him, hitting him in the shoulder, so immediately bursts into cryings, experiencing an immediate compunction for her actions. When Leo realizes Shelly betrayed him by hiting him and holding an matter with Bobby, he tries to kill her in the fire at the Packard Mill. BOB, Leo, and others all treat adult females as objects, symbolically demoing them as representatives of maleness in American civilization. The harm of feeding such images on national telecasting is that the audience would believe that these actions and thoughts are O.K. , as there are few reverberations for these beliefs ( both on telecasting every bit good as in society ) . The work forces of the Twin Peaks about ever think of the female characters as immorality, whether it is symbolic or actual. Many facets of the show can be viewed as a conflict of good and evil- work forces stand foring the good, and adult females stand foring the immorality, particularly when sing the struggles between the Black Lodge and the White Lodge. Agent Cooper, Sheriff Truman, and The Bookhouse Boys, all are the masculine contending the immorality, which is feminine. The immorality that the Bookhouse Boys and their male parents have fought for coevalss is adult female herself. The bird of Minerva, emblem of what lies hidden in the forests, is the bird of Athena, the female goddess of wisdom The war waged against the timeless evil lurking in the Northwest forests is entrusted to masculine fraternities: The Bookhouse Boys, the Sheriff and his deputies, and in Major Brigg s instance, the ground forces ( Desmet 103 ) . The message that Major Briggs delivers to Cooper, the bird o f Minervas are non what they seem, can be seen as a warning from the male patriarchate to defy female power- fundamentally stating Cooper that he must non subject to female laterality, or he will be defeated. This message comes strongly into drama at the terminal of the series during Cooper s judgement in the Black Lodge. One chief defect in Cooper s judgement is his deficiency of understanding that he does non necessitate to protect adult females, which finally leads to his autumn. Stoically offering his psyche in return for Annie s safety, Cooper engages Windom Earle in a masculine psychomania, so that he is eventually undone by his gallant codification of award and by the patriarchate s thrust to destruct, instead than suit the feminine ( Desmet 106 ) . Rather than trying to salvage himself every bit good as Annie, Cooper would instead go the sufferer, than the existent defender. He offers his psyche because he feels it is his responsibility as a adult male, instead than because he loves Annie. This may be the lone salvation of the female portraiture in Twin Peaks- where portion of Cooper s failure is based on the fact that he refuses the adjustment of women- nevertheless his failure is still due to a adult female, as he would neer hold be put in that state of affairs if Annie had non allowed herse lf to be captured by Windom Earle. The message of this facet of the series is that although Cooper failed in the right function towards adult females, it is still a adult female s failing that helped destruct him. When Cooper faces the concluding judgement in the Black Lodge, he symbolically falls victim to the laterality of adult females. In the Black Lodge, there are several statues of adult females every bit good as images of the adult females in his life, all representative of what is go oning in Cooper s judgement. The Lodge is besides decorated in ruddy curtains, which can typify the uterine liner of the maternal uterus. In mention to the Venus de Milo, Cooper s test takes topographic point under the auspices of maimed adult females, whose emasculation validates the Freudian myth of gender. When he discovers the lesion in his side, the Venus de Milo disappears, proposing that Cooper himself has now become a martyred unsexed female saint ( Desmet 106 ) . By symbolically going female, Cooper finally is overcome by the immorality of BOB and the Black Lodge, and hence fails in his judgement. What this tells the audience is that Cooper s failure is due to the fact that he is now seen as a wom an- and as already explained in Twin Peaks- it is impossible for a adult female to obtain the mental or physical capacity to win. The male audience, who all like and esteem Cooper s character, has now become even more contempful of adult females, who help do Cooper s failure. Cooper s concluding judgement and his dreams are closely related- particularly sing The Man From Another Topographic point. The MFAP symbolically represents the phallus and adult female s sexual mutilation. The little, wiggling, dancing, rose-colored figure has clear phallic associations. To do the association clearer, the small adult male of Cooper s dreams often undulates in forepart of a Grecian marble female nude, such that he is frequently framed with the statue s fork behind his caput ( Nichimson 152 ) . In another manner, the MFAP can be seen as a unsexed phallus himself. As the audience finds out in the Twin Peaks film, Fire Walk With Me, that the MFAP confesses that he is The Arm, intending the arm that MIKE, BOB s spouse at the beginning of BOB s killing fling, had cut off, or castrated, from himself- which in bend separated MIKE from BOB when MIKE realized that the violent death of adult females was incorrect. The audience is supposed to see the castrated MIKE as a helpful heroic character, while the MFAP is seen as the justice of Cooper, and in bend, the justice of Cooper s manhood. This feeds the audience that the male Judgess of society ( in this instance, the MFAP ) would non accept Cooper, as he has become the unsexed female sufferer, and is at that place condemned to neglect, and in bend become possessed by BOB ( the last shooting in the series is Cooper gazing into a mirror with BOB s face in the reflection- as Lelend saw himself months before ) . The emasculation of adult females, in add-on and relation to MIKE s, is besides really of import in the symbolism of female characters. The adult female s deficiency of a phallus, in other words, her presumed mutilation, externalizes and displaces the adult male s fright of inadequacy and insures him phallic integrity ( Kuzinar 122 ) . This is another ground why the work forces of Twin Peaks view their adult females every bit objects every bit good as a agency to alleviate aggression. The work forces are allowed to experience that they do non hold to esteem or fear adult females, due to their deficiency of masculinity. However, This disclaimer and projection of emasculation explains but does non shrive the show s transgressivity toward adult females, which begins and ends with Laura Palmer ( Kuzniar 122 ) . This tells the audience that a adult female is truly merely an uncomplete adult male, and should be treated as that. This justifies to males the maltreatment of adult females, as they are weak and inferior due to their deficiency of organic structure parts. Twin Peaks takes a bold stance on the portraiture of adult females in the media every bit good as adult females in society. The images and secret plans shown about ever portray adult females in a negative visible radiation. The dangers of demoing these images on national telecasting are the thoughts that are imposed to the audience in existent life. Twin Peaks feeds the audience thoughts that adult females are weak, unqualified, evil, deficient, and frequently objects of a male dominated society. The audience is sucked into the universe of Twin Peaks and hence will take a similar stance on what is feminine and masculine in society. David Lynch said in 1989, I couldn t attention less about altering the conventions of mainstream telecasting. Unfortunatly this is true. Lynch did non alter, or want to alter, the manner that adult females are portrayed in telecasting, and it is this sort of ignorance in our society that lets the desensitisation of force and scorn toward adult females cont inue in our mass media.

Essay on Lonely PlanetEssay Writing Service

Essay on Lonely PlanetEssay Writing Service Essay on Lonely Planet Essay on Lonely PlanetUsing mobile devices opens new prospects for the development of the company because mobile devices and applications help the company to deliver its products and services to their customers directly (Viardot, 2011). Mobile devices and applications provide customers with precise information and travel guide that customers are interested in, instead of sending customers huge print editions, which they read only a minor part of.At the moment, Lonely Planet faces the risk of the deterioration of its marketing performance because of the emerging conflict because of its persisting focus on print editions and emergence of digital technologies. As a result, print editions of Lonely Planet become out of date, while its digital editions could be more specific and reach the target customer group (Peters, 2012). Hence, the conflict between the traditional business of Lonely Planet, which has brought the company success, and new technologies forces the company to implement in novations but innovations will change the traditional business strategy and will move a lion share of the company’s business online.Hence, it is possible to recommend the company to enhance its online business through the wider introduction of innovations that are essential to maintain the competitive position of the company. Therefore, the company will be able to meet needs of its customers and deliver them products and services, which they need.As internet may be a problem for customers of Lonely Planet traveling throughout the world, the company can offer them text messaging and sms notifications on specific locations, where customers are at the moment, as long as their mobile phones are available (Viardot, 2011). In addition, the company can offer digital products using digital navigation using satellites to locate customers and transmit required information to them.

Using PHP and HTML on the Same Page

Using PHP and HTML on the Same Page Want to add HTML to a PHP file? While HTML and PHP are two separate programming languages, you might want to use both of them on the same page to take advantage of what they both offer. With one or both of these methods, you can easily embed HTML code in your PHP pages to format them better and make them more user-friendly. The method you choose depends on your specific situation. HTML in PHP Your first option is to build the page like a normal HTML web page with HTML tags, but instead of stopping there, use separate PHP tags to wrap up the PHP code. You can even put the PHP code in the middle if you close and reopen the ?php  and ? tags. This method is especially useful if you have a lot of HTML code but want to also include PHP. Heres an example of putting the HTML outside of the tags (PHP is bold here for emphasis): html titleHTML with PHP/title body h1My Example/h1 ?php//your PHP code goes here? bHere is some more HTML/b ?php //more PHP code ? /body /html As you can see, you can use any HTML you want without doing anything special or extra in your PHP file, as long as its outside and separate from the PHP tags. In other words, if you want to insert PHP code into an HTML file, just write the PHP anywhere you want (so long as theyre inside the PHP tags). Open a PHP tag with  ?php  and then close it with  ?  like you see above. Use PRINT or ECHO This other way is basically the opposite; its how youd add HTML to a PHP file with PRINT or ECHO, where either command is used to simply print HTML on the page. With this method, you can include the HTML inside of the PHP tags. This is a good method to use for adding HTML to PHP if you only have a line or so to do. In this example,  the HTML areas are bold: ?php Echo html;EchotitleHTML With PHP/title;EchobMy Example/b;//your php code herePrintiPrint works too!/i; ? Much like the first example, PHP still works here regardless of using PRINT or ECHO to write HTML because the PHP code is still contained inside the proper PHP tags.

SWOT and PESTEL Analyses in Business Planning Essay

SWOT and PESTEL Analyses in Business Planning - Essay Example For the purpose outlined above, it is imperative to discuss what is business planning first and how the analysis of the business environment figure play its part. Essentially, the concept of business planning should be self-explanatory or that its meaning should be plain and obvious. However, the process is actually technical and scientific and claims an important field of research in the area of business management. Perhaps the simplest but best understood definition is that it is an undertaking in the real world done in order to understand where an individual or an organization is coming from and what the future may hold. Out of this conception, it easy to understand how business planning can be fundamental in successfully starting a business and in operating established businesses. Mylonas, Harvey and Hodges (2007) listed several reasons why a business plan is crucial for start-up organization. The four most important of these are: 1) to determine the feasibility of a business idea; 2) to set the goals and outline the plan of action to achieve them; 3) develop business strategies; and, 4) help in implementing research to subsequently establ ish a business direction. And yet, business planning is needed by companies that are long past their startup stage and that they, as a rule, are useful in all stages of an business organization’s life span. ... According to Bessant and Tidd, most of these are in the area of marketing and finance, and that most plans are also bound to fail in identifying analysis on potential competitors and comprehensive financial forecast, among others that contribute to limited successes. (p170) Ideally, a business plan, according to Kariv (2011), â€Å"guide a firm’s management and staff in carrying out new projects; to guide retailers weighing the prospects of mergers; to manage mergers; to deal with rapid growth; to set priorities when planning changes; to capture new clients; to deal with difficulties and contingencies† or to address â€Å"a new financial situation relevant to the company; significant changes in the market, such as shifting tastes, changes in regulations, fluctuations in the purchasing climate; development of new products† and so on. (p138) Evidently, the list of reasons is quite numerous and diverse. But these underscore the fact that the requirement is based on the issue of survival for companies in today’s highly dynamic and competitive business landscape. In other words, a business plan can be used as a roadmap that addresses each need and requirement of an organization in all stages of its operations including the circumstances encountered. It is a tool for individuals within the organization so they can align for the company’s organizational processes and strategies to business objectives, among other goals such as change intervention, crisis management and so forth. In order to do this, however, there is a requirement for sufficient information and analysis on the business environment. The Analysis of the Business Environment A critical stage in business planning is the analysis of the business environment. The idea is that such

Collapse of Communist rule Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Collapse of Communist rule - Essay Example Over the years, Communism had slowly eroded away the feeling of security and freedom that many citizens in countries such as Poland, Hungry, and Bulgaria craved. The world was a different place and the countries of Eastern Europe wanted to become a more integral part of the global community (Devinatz 318). This did all come to a head in 1989 as Communism as we knew it quite simply, and quickly, collapsed. Interestingly enough, the change that came to Eastern Europe had its foundation in various sectors of society that wanted a new form of government. Change began to happen from the inside out as members of different political ideologies began to become influential in the state. In Poland, for example, the free trade union Solidarity movement in the late 80s began to receive massive support from the Polish people. By June 1989, they had take control of the Senate, leading to a non-Communist Prime Minister. This contributed to the eventual collapse of Communism from within, leading to a near domino effect as the wave of anti-Communist sentiment flowed into Bulgaria and Hungry. It would only be a matter of trim before that Iron Curtain fell once and for all, and its effects were almost immediately felt in German and the Soviet Union. Reunification of Germany One of the factors leading to the tearing down of the Berlin Wall can actually be attributed back to the changing society in Eastern Europe. East German citizens began to realize that their freedoms had been squashed under Communism, and their spirits rose when they witnessed what was happening in the nearby countries of Poland, Bulgaria, and Hungry. As history tells us, demonstrations began to occur throughout East German society, the largest of which occurred when Mikhail Gorbahew visited Berlin in October 1989. Citizens from all over the region were demonstrating for the rights to be a free populace and to be rid of Communism. Gorbadhev himself, quite surprisingly to some, warned Communist leaders at the ti me that it appeared a near revolution was at hand and that they needed to listen to the cries of the people. This was the true reality of what lead to East German reunification with Germany. For one of the first times in Communist history, the leaders began to heed the cries of their people. The protests began to grown in number and by November of 1989, East Germans were actually permitted to freely cross into West German, leading to the destruction of the Berlin Wall that had long divided the two countries. End of the Soviet Union By 1991, the block of republics comprising the Soviet Union was the last remaining bastion of Communist Rule in the region. In the case of the Soviet Union, it can be seen that t was growing increasingly difficult to properly care for and maintain such a massive regime that had been built over the years in the 13 various states comprising the former Soviet Union. The truth is that there are numerous factors, many dating back to the days of the Cole War, t hat contributed to the eventual collapse of the entire system, and the eventual granting of independence to the various countries comprising the Commonwealth of Independent States. The reality was that it was certainly too large of an undertaking to create a truly centralized and unified state that

Marketing Mix Apple Essay Example for Free

Marketing Mix Apple Essay In the economy, the marketing has an important position which decides almost the success of the company or the brand. Most of well-known brands in the world also have a good marketing plan; Apple is the best example for having excellent marketing strategies. In this essay, the marketing mix strategy of Apple will be discussed to understand how Apple makes their high value in more details. The first thing to take account into marketing mix strategy is the product. As already known, Apple is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sell consumer electronics, computer sofware, and personal computers. Apple provides the customer a wide range of product that covers many field of technology. For instance, the most special invention of Apple is Apple Macintosh, they have many kinds of Mac with many different size and options of configuration. Moreover, IPod was known as the first mp3 player of the world. It is not only the mp3 player but also the symbol of music fashion. Until now, IPod still affects gradually to market of mp3 players. In addition, in the last five years, Apple has created new-brand market for smartphone with their special product – IPHONE. From IPhone 2G, 3G, 3Gs, 4G, 4Gs to 5G, IPhone always make a big wave to the technology world. That proves products of Apple always have strong range to the technological market. What is more, another invention of Apple that also makes a new move of technology is IPAD. It leads for a new century of tablet. Now IPad may be known as the best tablet in many customers’ s mind. Beside that, Apple gives their customer many other products such as iTunes, accessories, and service. Second, price also is important part of marketing mix strategy. The price of all products of Apple is now low compared to their competitor’s product’s price but there is a reason for this issue. Apple is the premium brand that does not compete on price. They may dominate the market even though their price may be quite high in some countries. Generally, Apple is proud that their products is union between technology and liberal arts so they not just sell products, they sell art. IPhone, Ipad, and IPod also are symbol of fashion. In conclusion, the price of Apple’s product is made for their customer’s value. The next is place. Apple’s headquater is located at Infinite Loop, Curpetino, California. They have over 200 retails around the world. Major cities have at least three big stores, more important, the customer not only purchase products but only can test them, receive supported imformation, and they may not buy products if they do not want. This is the key of success of Apple to satisfy their customer. Finally, promotion create difference of Apple’s marketing mix strategy. Apple just use launching new product to promote their products with their great ability of presentation of Apple CEO – Steve Jobs. Moreover, Apple does not join CES exhibition or any advertising. In addition, Apple made a big unchangeable symbol in customer, therefore, the customer always compare their product to their competitors’s prodcuts. It is indirect to promote for Apple. Beside that, the online Apple store offers free ship for the orders over $50, iTunes gift card, and special discount for refunished products. In conclusion, marketing mix strategy creates the brand of Apple. There is a wide range of product such as Iphone, Ipad, Ipod, and Mac with suiable price for their prenium brand. They have big network of great retail and unique promotion. Reference: www.wikipedia.com www.marketingteacher.com

Analysis of Shelleys Ode To the West Wind :: Ode to the West Wind Essays

Analysis of Shelley's Ode To the West Wind In "Ode to the West Wind," Percy Bysshe Shelley tries to gain transcendence, for he shows that his thoughts, like the "winged seeds" (7) are trapped. The West Wind acts as a driving force for change and rejuvenation in the human and natural world. Shelley views winter not just as last phase of vegetation but as the last phase of life in the individual, the imagination, civilization and religion. Being set in Autumn, Shelley observes the changing of the weather and its effects on the internal and external environment. By examining this poem, the reader will see that Shelley can only reach his sublime by having the wind carry his "dead thoughts" (63) which through an apocalyptic destruction, will lead to a rejuvenation of the imagination, the individual and the natural world. Shelley begins his poem by addressing the "Wild West Wind" (1). He quickly introduces the theme of death and compares the dead leaves to "ghosts" (3). The imagery of "Pestilence-stricken multitudes" makes the reader aware that Shelley is addressing more than a pile of leaves. His claustrophobic mood becomes evident when he talks of the "wintry bed" (6) and "The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low/ Each like a corpse within its grave, until/ Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow" (7-9). In the first line, Shelley use the phrase "winged seeds" which presents images of flying and freedom. The only problem is that they lay "cold and low" or unnourished or not elevated. He likens this with a feeling of being trapped. The important word is "seeds" for it shows that even in death, new life will grow out of the "grave." The phrase "winged seeds" also brings images of religions, angels, and/or souls that continue to create new life. Heavenly images are confirmed by his use of the word "azure" which besides meaning sky blue, also is defined, in Webster's Dictionary, as an "unclouded vault of heaven." The word "azure," coupled with the word "Spring," helps show Shelley's view of rejuvenation. The word "Spring" besides being a literary metaphor for rebirth also means to rise up. In line 9, Shelley uses soft sounding phrases to communicate the blowing of the wind. This tercet acts as an introduction and a foreshadow of what is to come later. Shelley goes on to talk of the wind as a "Destroyer and Preserver" which brings to mind religious overtones of different cultures such as Hinduism and Native Indian beliefs. The poem now sees a shift of the clouds which warns of

Capital One Financial Corp: Setting and Shaping Strategy Essay

Strategy Capital One Financial Corp’s strategy is to develop and market products and services to satisfy the demands of a competitive and ever-changing marketplace by utilizing information technology for mass customization which will deliver the right product to the right customer at the right time and at the right price. Such a strategy requires the employment of talented people and a flexible culture promoting innovation to help identify, develop and market products and services. Capital One’s information-based strategy, or IBS, serves as the strategy to improve operations in every aspect of the company. IBS technology enables Capital One to provide more valuable products, thereby creating a positional advantage over its competitors. However, by focusing on the IBS capability as its sole competitive advantage, Capital One neglects any positional advantages, such as its brand, that might become more valuable than the potential advantage IBS might yield elsewhere. Analysis Capital One makes it a point to hire the top talent from top schools. Even though this is an important initiative to obtain quality assets, it is just as important to organize such assets in a way that achieves competitive advantage. Capital One has done a good job aligning its organizational structure with its strategy. Its functional structure enables Capital One to facilitate technical excellence within each function and still achieve cross-functional sharing of information or knowledge due to its loose coupling of departments. By aligning the internal organizational structure with the talented resources they become a source of competitive advantage. Capital One created a culture that rewarded data and fact-based decision making which flattened its hierarchy and promoted innovation. Employees were empowered to test and learn through all aspects of the organization. Performance reviews were conducted by peers and bosses, providing constant feedback. Compensation was heavily weighted on cash bonuses and long-term incentives; further aligning employee behaviors with the long-term goals of the company. Departments were encouraged to work closely with each other, which promoted information sharing. This loose coupling benefited Capital One’s explorative initiatives in finding completely novel ways of doing things, rather than doing the same things better than the competition. Capital One’s IBS capabilities aligned with its internal functions enabled it to differentiate its credit card product offering from the existing competitors. In so doing, it attracted the lowest risk applicants creating a completely new super-prime market segment. Due to the explosive success of the credit card divisions, it would be very easy to support the Summit Acceptance Corporation initiative. The IBS capability was easily applied to the credit sector, and one would deduce that this competitive advantage would be successful in other credit-based markets. Even though Capital One was in a position to easily leverage its existing IBS capabilities into products not previously considered, it would be difficult to support the America One initiative. There was a lack of synergy with Capital One’s existing operations, and the telecommunication market was a drastically different industry. Alternatives Even though Capital One experienced rapid growth and success in the credit industry due to its superior IBS capabilities, it is clear that the company’s strategy is lacking exploitive competencies. Systems have become increasingly complex and duplicative which could impact Capital One’s ability to react to environmental changes quickly. The company’s explorative focus on growth and change has made it difficult for the finance division to forecast effectively. The company must continually develop and deepen its current IBS advantage if it is to meet the challenge of competition both locally and globally. They are great at exploring new opportunities but fall short from further exploiting those markets. They were able to get things done operationally, but were not able to add any additional value. Capital One needs to recognize that environments change and as they explore new opportunities, they may want to create new forms of competitive advantage. By focusing on the IBS capability as its sole competitive advantage, Capital One neglects any positional advantages, such as its brand, that might become more valuable than the potential advantage the capabilities might yield elsewhere.

Developing yourself as an effective HR Practitioner Essay

Briefly summarise the CIPD Profession Map (i.e. the core professional areas, the specialist professional areas, the bands and behaviours) In this report I will summarise the CIPD Profession Map which is made up of Ten Professional areas, Eight Behaviours and Four Bands. The two core Professional Areas Insights, Strategy and Solutions – This area of the map concentrates on developing an understanding and prioritising the direction of the organisation. Leading HR – Shaping and driving themselves and other employees to deliver a valued service to the organisation. The Professional Areas are made up of Organisation Design – This area of the map concentrates on shaping the organisation structure to the business needs. Organisation Development – This area of the map concentrates on developing skills and training of all employees to build a strong team. Resourcing and talent planning – This area of the map concentrates on identifying and developing talent within the organisation, seeing where the need is for new talent within the organisation, making sure the survival of the business continues to grow. Learning and Development – This area of the map concentrates on developing employee’s knowledge and skill in all levels of the business. Performance and reward – This area of the map concentrates on recognising performance and experience of all employees by rewarding them. Employee Engagement – This area of the map concentrates on insuring employees engage with each other and their work at different levels through the organisation. Employee Relations – This area of the map concentrates on keeping accurate records, supporting employees at all levels and rewarding employees in performance. Service Delivery and Information – This area of the map concentrates on delivering accurate information to the customer within an agreed time frame within an agreed cost. Eight Behaviours Curious – New ideas wanting to update technology and training needs. Decisive Thinker – Being able to analyse information and identify solutions. Skilled Influencer – The ability to influence customers in the direction of organisation needs. Personally Credible – Delivers and builds HR expertise to add value to the organisation. Collaborative – Cooperation between departments making positive contribution to the organisation. Driven to Deliver – Being able to deliver a service on time within budget by prioritising agreed tasks and goals. Courage to Challenge – Being able to challenge by specking skilfully when confronted with challenging situations. Role Model – Respected by other employees by using integrity and tact being able to deliver a solid service. Encourages others to act in the same way. The Bands are made up of four levels – Starting at Band One – Entry Level. Focusing on being accurate and flexible on collecting and providing data to the customer. Band Two – Advisory Level. Leading and advising individuals and teams, understanding issues when they arise and resolving them quickly and professionally. Band Three – Consultant Level. Addressing and leading all HR challenges providing ideas and solutions, analysing risks. Band Four – Leadership Colleague / Coach. Coaching and leading, developing strategies and plans for the customer needs. Comment on the activates and knowledge specified within any 1 professional area, at either band 1 or band 2, identifying those you consider most essential to your own (or other identified ) HR/L&D Role. I will select one Band and one Professional area which I consider most essential to my current employment. Band 1 and Service Delivery and Information as the Professional Area. In my employment I have to have a clear idea of what the Line Managers and Senior Managers want me to deliver. As listed in Band 1, Listening to them and asking the right questions understanding their needs, getting a time frame on when they want it to be delivered is essential. Its gives me a clear picture of what information I have to collate using the technology provided this saving time when delivering the information to them. Keeping the channels of communication open is essential in case of delays or other customer complaints that arise. Activity 2 2.1 Understanding customer needs (including examples of 3 different customers and 1 need for each, and explain how you would prioritise conflicting needs) In this activity I have chosen three customers, Staff, Line Managers and Senior Managers with reference to my own role I will identify their needs and prioritise conflicting needs. Staff – Pay Queries If a member of staff comes to the HR Department with a Pay Query the HR Department must deal with the query within an allotted time. In the Company I work for this time is 48hrs from the time of receiving a pay query. The next step of the process is to talk to the Line Manager to identify where there might be a problem, if this is to do with hours. This will then be passed on to the Payroll department to be rectified, the member of staff will be notified by email or phone call of the progress of the query. If this cannot be resolved by theses means the employee and the line manager will be asked to come to a meeting to discuss the query. Not resolving pay issues in an agreed time frame, can lead to low moral within your employees and give a negative response to the HR Department. Line Managers – Performance At the Company I work for the HR Department is requested by the Line Managers to be responsible for monitoring performance of all employees and reporting back to them if an employee falls below the agreed target. This has to be done daily and weekly depending on what department the employee is from, to keep the continuity of production flowing and reducing problems later on. Without the HR Department doing this as requested by the Line Managers the quality and productivity could be dropped if this is not monitored. This is essential for the business to produce good quality produce for the external customer thus reducing customer complaints. The HR Department would have to prioritise this service. If an employee has been identified that has fallen below the set target, they will work alongside with the Line Manager and agree what course of action should be taken i.e. Would the employee benefit from more training and what type, bearing in mind this would be an extra cost (has a budget been put in place for retraining employees) has the  employee performance dropped due to other circumstance, this would all have to be investigated. The employee would then be invited to attend a meeting with their Line Manager and a member from the Hr Department to discuss this. Senior Managers – Labour and Budgets At the Company I work for the Senior Managers puts together a Labour and Budget plan at the beginning of the year, for the amount of staff they will need each month. This plan is then given to the HR Department to recruit the right amount of staff on budget within the agreed time frame. The HR Department would have to prioritise this plan if they did not it would have a detrimental effect on the business no employees no product no business. The conflicting needs of all the different customers at any one time would have to be prioritised in order, for example Senior Managers requesting information would normally come first over other customers. Line Managers would then come second leaving the Employee last, but is this right does this mean the employee is less regarded in the organisation. No this should not be the case no matter what position you are in. It’s about prioritising what needs to be done first, not what level you work at. This may mean extending your delivery time within an agreed time frame with other customers, keeping channels of communication open with them until you can deliver the service to them. 2.2 Effective communication (include examples of 3 different communication methods and the advantages and disadvantages of each) Daily / Weekly Meeting The advantage of having a daily or weekly meetings is that a manager from each department usually attends a meeting discussing what will be happening or if there have any problems that need to be aired with other colleagues. This keeps communication following. The disadvantage of this, is another colleague would have to cover the manager’s work, while doing their own. Putting pressure on themselves to deliver their own work. Also information may not get passed down to other workers or the information may get distorted causing problems later on. Skype The advantage of using Skype that you can conduct meetings or interviews  with other sites and conduct interviews this would save on travel costs. The disadvantage of using Skype is if you are in an area with a poor signal. Newsletter – Monthly Advantage – A monthly newsletter is a good way of communication to employee’s especially to the ones that don’t have a company email or attend a regular meetings on what is happening in other departments on different sites. At the company I work for our newsletter is divided up into four section on what is happening and what is going to happen this usually starts with Operations Directors talking about what’s happening on their sites. It then moves on to Hello’s & Goodbyes announcing who has left and who has joined the Company and what department and position they are in. As well an email being sent out about a new employee starting this gives other employees a chance to know new faces. A Birthday or Celebration section has also been added. The last section is about Who Are We getting to know an employee each month. These newsletter is attached to the payslips monthly. The disadvantage of printing individual newsletters is the Cost depending on how many employees you have this could be high, the alternative is to place this on a notice board for all employees to see. 2.3 Effective service delivery (include: delivering service on time, delivering service on budget, dealing with difficult customers, handling and resolving complaints. The way to build and maintain an effective service delivery fast and professional, is to have a set procedure in place of: Who does what Has a time frame been put in place to respond, are you in receipt of all information to deal with this Request / Complaint. If you receive a complaint are you appropriately trained to deal with difficult customers. Keep the channels of communication open to all customer needs by the ways of a Phone Call, Email or a Letter or invite them to a one to one meeting. This all helps to keep the customer informed and make them feel valued. Interview the customer, identify key bits of the complaint, do you need to interview anyone else. All these factors need to be addressed to avoid a lengthily drawn out process. Any delay could prevent the Company from having  a successful result. What is it going to cost, is it within the budget. The key is to keep the channel of communication open, inform customers straight away of changes that may affect them. If there is a complaint react straight away. Bibliography ACAS. Workplace relations the key to better UK productivity – Sir Brendan Barber. Available at: http://www.acas.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=5169 Accessed (25 February 2015) ACAS. Top tips for better management. Available at: http://www.acas.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=2966 Accessed (12 February 2015) CIPD. CIPD Profession Map. Available at: http://www.cipd.co.uk/cipd-hr-profession/profession-map/ Accessed (21 December 2014) Martin, M and Whiting, F (2013) Human Resource Practice. 6th Edition. London: Chartered Institute of Personal and Development.

The Writers Diet

The Writers Diet The Writer’s Diet The Writer’s Diet By Mark Nichol How does your writing style rate regarding balanced use (or overuse) of parts of speech? An online test will evaluate your compositions for you. The writing handbook The Writer’s Diet: A Guide to Fit Prose has a companion website that features not only a blog (and a newsletter you can subscribe to) but also a test that analyzes writing passages. Naturally, I took a test drive (seven test drives, actually). Choosing some of my favorite essay-type posts on DailyWritingTips.com, I plugged them into the Writer’s Diet Test, which scores content in parts-of-speech categories equivalent to the ones the book’s author, academician Helen Sword, focuses on in the book: verbs, nouns, prepositions, adjectives and adverbs, and what she calls â€Å"waste words† (it, this, that, and there). The test scores on a scale labeled in keeping with the health-conscious them: Lean, Fit Trim, Needs Toning, Flabby, and Heart Attack. One by one, I copied and pasted seven of my posts into the tool and read the results of my writing physical. I was not surprised to see that for the most part, my writing tended to be at the Lean/Fit Trim end of the spectrum. (I’ve been writing professionally for four decades, so I’d better be in good shape.) However, four of the seven cumulative scores were in Flabby territory. Why? My use of nouns was usually restrained, though the test result for one post registered their use as decidedly unhealthy. Apparently, however, I’m living on borrowed time because of an excessive employment of verbs. And though my restraint with prepositions is admirable, and I was generally carefully about not overdoing it with adjectives and adverbs, I did binge once in the latter category. In addition, I was usually pretty good about minimizing the little words that Sword lists as inimical to clear, concise writing, though I had a couple of lapses. What does this mean? Objectively, it means that I should be more alert to avoiding inserting too many of what Sword calls â€Å"academic ad-words†- the adjectives and adverbs ending in -able, -ant, -ary, and the like- that are often used in stodgy scholarly writing. And though I am vigilant about avoiding using expletives (â€Å"it is,† â€Å"there are,† and so on) and repeating the pronouns it and that, I could do better. And especially, it seems, though I often advocate using vivid verbs and minimizing use of forms of â€Å"to be† (is, am, being, and the like), I am remiss in practicing what I preach. You may, after taking the test, argue that you know you’re a good writer and don’t deserve your check-up to result in admonitions to go on a diction diet. Or perhaps, after you slyly copied and pasted a passage from a Work of Great Literature, you scoffed when Tolstoy or Twain, or Faulkner or Fitzgerald, earned â€Å"failing† scores. Sword acknowledges that the test is a â€Å"blunt instrument†: Good writing can earn low scores, bad writing can result in a complimentary result, and titans of literature sometimes simultaneously break the rules of composition and produce masterpieces. (Hello, Samuel Beckett.) Furthermore, the test is not a directive to adopt a prose style of Hemingwayian simplicity. It merely calls attention to areas that may need some attention. Check out the website for an outline of the principles Sword advises that you attend to in order to achieve a lean (or at least fit and trim) compositional composition, or read the book for more details. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:English Grammar 101: All You Need to Know41 Words That Are Better Than GoodHow to Punctuate Introductory Phrases

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs in Spanish

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs in Spanish Look in just about any good Spanish dictionary, and most verbs will be listed as either transitive (verbo transitivo, often abbreviated in dictionaries as vt or tr) or intransitive (verbo intransitivo, abbreviated to vi or int). These designations can give you an important clue as to how the verb is used in sentences. What Are Transitive and Intransitive Verbs? A transitive verb is simply one that needs a direct object (a noun or a pronoun that the verb acts upon) to complete its thought. An intransitive one does not. An example of a transitive verb is the English verb to get and one of its Spanish equivalents, obtener. If you were to use the verb by itself, such by saying I get in English or obtengo in Spanish, it is clear you arent expressing a complete thought. Theres a natural follow-up question here: What are you getting?  ¿Quà © obtengas? The verb simply isnt complete without an accompanying noun (or pronoun) to indicate what is being obtained: I am getting an error message. Obtengo un mensaje de error. Another transitive verb is to surprise or its Spanish equivalent, sorprender. To express a complete thought, the verb must indicate who is surprised: It surprised me. Me sorprendià ³. To get, to surprise, obtener and sorpender, then, are all transitive verbs. They must be used with an object. Intransitive verbs are used without objects. They stand by themselves without acting on a noun or pronoun. Although they can be modified in meaning using adverbs or phrases, they cannot take a noun as an object. An example is the English verb to flourish and its Spanish equivalent, florecer. It doesnt make sense to flourish something, so the verb stands alone: The sciences flourished. Florecà ­an las ciencias. There are many verbs that can be used either transitively or intransitively. One example is to study or estudiar. You can use an object for a transitive usage (I am studying the book. Estudio el libro.) or without an object for an intransitive usage (I am studying. Estudio.). To write and escribir can be used in exactly the same ways. Take Note Transitive verbs (or verbs that are used transitively) need a direct object to be complete.Intransitive verbs do not need an object to be complete.Usually, but not always, Spanish verbs and their English counterparts match each other in transitivity. Verb Usage in Spanish vs. English The distinctions between transitive and intransitive verbs usually dont give Spanish students a lot of trouble. Most of the time, when a transitive verb is used in English, youll use a transitive one in Spanish. However, there are some verbs that can be used transitively in one language but not the other, or the opposite. That is one reason you may want to check the dictionary before you try using a verb in a way you havent heard it before. An example of a verb that can be used transitively in English but not Spanish is to swim, as in He swam the river. But the Spanish equivalent, nadar, cant be used in that way. While you can swim something in English, you cant nadar algo in Spanish. Youll need to recast the sentence: Nadà ³ por el rà ­o. The opposite can happen as well. In English, you cant sleep something, but in Spanish you can: La madre durmià ³ al bebà ©. The mother put the baby to sleep. In translating such verbs to English, youll often need to recast the sentence. Note that there are some verbs that are classified as neither transitive nor intransitive. These include pronominal or reflexive verbs (often abbreviated in Spanish as prnl), compulative or linking verbs (cop), and auxiliary verbs (aux). Pronominal verbs are listed in dictionaries as ending in -se. Examples of Spanish Transitive and Intransitive Verbs in Use Transitive verbs: Comà ­ tres hamburguesas. (I ate three hamburgers.)El estudiante golpeà ³ la pared. (The student hit the wall.)Cambiarà © el dinero en el aeropuerto. (I will change the money in the airport.) Intransitive verbs: Comà ­ hace dos horas. (I ate three years ago. Hace tres horas is an adverbial phrase, not an object. The verb in the next example is also followed by an adverbial phrase.)La luz brillaba con muchà ­sima fuerte. (The light shone very strongly.)Las mofetas huelen mal. (Skunks stink.)

Write about a single special needs area mine is ( ADHD). research that Essay

Write about a single special needs area mine is ( ADHD). research that special needs area - Essay Example What once was dubbed as an immaturity is now classified as a disorder.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a mental condition that is characterized by age-inappropriate features of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity (Heward, 2006). The DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic Criteria focuses on a persistent pattern of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity or both, with emphasis on the frequency and severity than is typical among individuals of the same age. Inattention is defined failure to focus attention on those elements of the environment that are most relevant to the task at hand. On the other hand, hyperactivity is the excessive psychomotor activity which is out of proportion to the situation while impulsivity is the tendency to act suddenly without giving it much thought.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder has a wide array of symptoms that could very well mimic those of other conditions. This warrants a thorough assessment process by developmental pediatricians, psychiatrists and other mental health professionals to rule out other disorders. This entails complete medical examination, review of medications, dietary habits and living conditions. ADHD can be classified as predominantly inattentive type, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type, or a combined type (Heward, 2006). ADHD combined type has both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity for the past 6 months while ADHD predominantly inattentive type has only inattention for the past 6 months. Subsequently, ADHD hyperactivity-impulsivity has only hyperactive and impulsive symptoms prevalent for the past 6 months.   Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is the most common neurobehavioral disorder among school-age children (Antai-Otong, 2003). It is estimated that 3-5% of all school-age children have ADHD (American Psychiatric Association, as cited in Heward, 2006). This translates

Resouces Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Resouces - Essay Example This article provides a study case of Korean high-school students and how their level of stress can affect their food diet. The study case includes a comparison between two groups of student, the first group has low academic stress level and the second group has high academic stress level. The study found that students with high stress level tend to eat food that contains high amounts of sugar such as chocolate, flavored milk, breads and candies. The article will provide a clear example of how a person’s mental health or mood affects their food diet and how stress is related to nutrition. The article indicates that the Omega-3 fatty acids are highly used Acids in treating people with depression and mental disorder. In fact, the article shows a negative relationship between seafood and stress. In other words, in places where people consume seafood a lot, the level of stress is less than places where people consume less seafood. Indeed, the article includes different studies and hypothesis that discusses the role and the effect of Omega-3 fatty acids on mental health and how is it used as treatment to some diseases. This article helps to explain how minerals can improve people’s

Crime analysis and investigation 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Crime analysis and investigation 2 - Essay Example Such an environment is most favorable for criminals and morally weak employees can make a lot of unjust money. The criminals can be experienced and trusted employees. One such story of crime is narrated in this paper. (Actors are Mr. X and the client). Mr. X has been working as a Marketing Manager for ABC company for over 5 years. He is responsible for earning the company new contracts. ABC company has been performing services in the Construction Industry for quite a while and has managed to gain the satisfaction of clients. Often, a client would directly approach ABC company for the execution of a new project. Therefore, the clients make negotiated contracts with ABC company. Mr. X makes all correspondence with the client on behalf of ABC company. One day a client calls him since the client wants ABC company to perform the services of a contractor on his upcoming project. Mr. X and the client exchange words. The client told Mr. X that he wants ABC company to construct a plaza for him. He says that he wants a lump sum contract with ABC company and gives Mr. X a set of drawings and the contract documents. Mr. X does not discuss about the offer with the owners, and tells the client an exaggerated price on behalf of the ABC company. He does that so that he can convince the client that he should instead choose Mr. X for his new project instead of ABC company. He tells the client that he is ready to complete the project at a much lower price than that of ABC company. The client accepts the offer and selects Mr. X to perform the services of contractor for his project. Thus Mr. X commits the crime of betraying his company and meets the clients for personal

International marketing management

International marketing management Understanding the culture in a country or region in which we are doing business is a critical skill for the international business person. Without this knowledge, a successful outcome to the business venture can be in jeopardy. Culture is the quality in a person or society is regard to excellent in art, manners etc. Definition of culture: culture is the identity of a nation; culture is the achievement deposit of general knowledge, religion, hierarchies, belief, values, and experience by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving. Culture is a perception. Its not something that physically touched or seen. Culture is the environment and relation between one with other. Culture is communication and communication is culture. Different culture: we can describe the culture differentiation by related cultures, Psychology and culture. Culture differences vary on people behaviour, attitude, religion and experience. Related culture refers to that different nation management based on its cultural attitude; Cultural system makes management its own differentiation between others. Psychology and culture is the behaviour or thinking differences between others, for example, village cultural people normally their profession is farming and when they try to do any business or something their thinking starts from farming that how to grow more crops because its their main profession culture and the other hand the people who buy the crops they will try to improved the business and their thinking will get more crops in cheap price or they can sell that in high price in the market. Culture and business behaviour, Business policy or style are based on culture, business works run their own cultural way. Without the cultural attitude a good business run is impossible. In different culture business behaviour is vary on its cultural attitude. How the affect of culture on marketing policy: differences of culture is important to know for a multinational firms, its provide the knowledge of innovation and the policy of marketing. Marketing based on cultural equality with the good quality of brand that can fulfil the cultural demand, cultural needs its important to know for marketing without gaining the knowledge marketing will unimpeachable. The brand loyalty is important for marketing if brand loyalty does not stay longer the marketing will unaffectable. High quality of brand is the key of marketing and culture helps to learn to take brand on the desire position. Brand loyalty reflects its cultural differentional value. Cultural knowledge helps marketing to get the relation with the consumer. Consumer satisfaction is the important part of marketing by providing good brand and keeping brand loyalty is the result of customer in return. In different culture there is different way of marketing in western marketing like such as l eafleting, advertising etc. Marketing is important to keep the customer informed about the new brand and upgrading quality and also new offers that helps to keep the relation with the customer. Good marketing is also the key of good business. According to Nakata and Sivakumar (2001) suggest that the implement of marketing concepts can be expressed in the generation, dissemination, and national culture. International marketing affect on culture: culture nature assess to managers is essential for international market. We explain the affectedness in eight categories is below. Language is very important for communication and communication is the important part for marketing. In global marketing the languages may vary use difference languages. In marketing it is very important to make customer understand that what the product we are trying to sell. In this case language is very important, customer will not talk on my language, I have to talk on customer language to explain them the features of the product. Religion is another nature of culture. Organization needs to make sure that the products and services are not unlawful; distasteful to local nation otherwise it will lose its market position and the demand. For an example, In Arabic countries if we try to marketing wine, beer or any kind of alcohol, the market value will very poor and it might get the cultural reaction. Religion is people believed, that people respect and no one wants to go beyond their religion. So in international marketing a marketer must have to be careful about the religion on his marketing process. Values and attitude vary between nations, so before to take a product to other culture or nation we have make sure that it does not make affect on their tradition and dignity. For example in china Nike TV was manufactured by US was banned because to advertise the TV they animated a cartoon of kung fu masters and dragons and Chinese people didnt except that because they thought it was insult on their nation dignity. Education in international market will vary. In international marketing is important to know the nations education level and the percentiles of educated people. Where the literacy level is low there advertising on the news paper or on magazine will not that affect able. To marketing on that nations radio or TV advertising will be much affect able. Media plays an important role on this ground and in high literacy culture newspaper or paper leaflet plays royal role. Social organizations are how a nation is organized. For example, whats the position of women in this society, how is the country governed or civilized. Technology and Material Culture are also important for international Marketing. The value and the power are use for the product that must be affordable, using developed technology the cost can be reduce and also the quality can improved. The product or service has to be in low cost that all classes people are able to buy that. Law and politics will vary in different nations. For an example, in some countries the society based on democratic marketing and on the other hand in Arabic country the marketing is based on Islam and shariah tradition. A marketer has to follow the law and politics to be the gainer or otherwise it will lose its interest. Aesthetics will vary in our sense, taste etc. For example, if something taste good or smell feels good or looks beautiful consumer will go for it again, but all the feature of the product must have to be good, if the one good and not the other it will not be success. International marketer is usually known to do marketing in more than one country. Now a days international marketer plays a important role in the globalization market and better marketing makes better demand. Marketing plays an important role in business and a marketer plays the lead role on this position and thats why experienced and knowledgeable marketer is demandable in the global market. Marketers use different techniques, different policy to get the brand in demandable stage in the market. According to Robert Guang Tian â€Å"It is important for the marketers know that there is no room for ethnocentrism in the 21st Century marketing practice.† Marketers will need to know how to translate an understanding of cultural differences into effective cross-cultural marketing strategies turning them into a direct plan of action. Cultural illusion is natural but to avoid the illusion a marketer must have to be experienced and knowledge about the culture differences. Illusion process in marketing: We can say a better marketing increased the product demand. As we know culture is the identity of a nation and marketing success is based on this identity. Global market has global nature. For an example, if we do marketing for wine in Arabic country it will not worked because all kind of alcohol is forbidden there because of those country are based on their religion Islam. Similarly if we think about marketing of any brand of cloths it also vary on different culture, different cultural people wear their traditional cloths like most of Asian women they would like to wear sharies rather than skirt or other dresses because of its their culture and they feel comfortable by wearing this on the other hand most of the western women even dont know how to wear a sharee they feel more comfortable by wearing jeans, skirt etc because of their culture. Global environment is global trade culture and organization has been trading with each other for centuries and thi s trade without marketing is unthinkable. How illusion creates on marketer: A marketer must focus on getting attention of customer because marketing is for customer without customer there is no marketing. Customers good relationship and keep them return is the marketer responsibility. Marketer have to make the customer understand that the features of the product, advantage and what the specialty on the product that helps the customer to buy the product but have to be able to reduce cost on customer demand -sometimes some of the environmentally preferred materials are more expensive but the firm have to finding ways through scaling the usage of some of these materials to reduce the cost and save money. Every decision start with a problem, a discrepancy between an existing and a desired condition and a smart marketer should know how to treat with those situations. Cultures are not converging. The prediction of a convergence of culturally different markets into a â€Å"one-world† culture that would facilitate standardization of global marketing activities has turned out to be an illusion. Culture does not support for marketing, the marketer have to do the marketing as the environment nature is. To marketing in a different culture a marketer must know the currency, the way of business, customer demand, how to keep the customer satisfaction, how developed service will better for this new environment, whats the different and special feature need to put on the product or services to make differences between others. A marketer has to be careful about customer demand and also the product quality because once it lost the customer demand and satisfaction; the product will be out market. Marketer has to gain customer trust by providing good quality. Cultural differences make marketer to take different strategy or policy. A smart marketer got thei r own policy or strategy to face the different culture. For an example, Recently Nike demands new rules on valuing business, the global chief executive of Nike, one of the most powerful retail brands in the world, has said that companies will have to find more sophisticated ways of judging value and impact on the environment if they are to resist being pushed around by short-term investors seeking a quick profit. The big challenges are twofold. First, moving more Nike business in to direct retail to the customer rather than wholesale supply. Second, tackling shareholder short-termism, which drive a focus on profit margins and bottom lines to the detriment of other considerations of social value post the 2008 crash. People prefer local brands. Typically home product and service is more affect able to the consumer than the foreign product. So some smart marketer does much advertizing and marketing about their product to get their local consumer keep in touch. Local brand is more cheap and reachable for the customer. For an example, Asian countries are famous for spices because of their weather support their cultivation thats why the spices so cheap and consumer reachable but in western countries the weather is not good enough for their cultivation, so most of the spices the import from other counties and this is expensive than the Asian countries and they are capable or expert to use the spices. Accordingly, not only does culture influence marketing; but marketing also influences culture. Marketers can act as agents of changes within a culture. For an example, Wang cares an American computer company was refused in united Kingdom to use their motto because of its name is sound too close of the word ‘wankers which is not good for a company image. A company name and product quality is the key of consumer response. Good quality always gets good response and off course to get the good response marketer plays an important role in marketing but marketer must have to respect the culture or the tradition and laws, without obeying that marketer will not get any space in the market so each marketer have to follow the rules of culture. To marketing a product in to a different culture marketer have to identify the needs of the culture, for an example, In Rajasthan is the one part of India which is full of desert most of the time the land is dry but if we think to marketing their for Umbrella or winter cloths like jacket the marketing will not that much profitable because this nature does not need this product. Marketing research method also creates illusion on marketer. A marketer has to research on the nations marketing strategy; marketing strategy will vary in different nations. Conclusion: In my point of view everyone like their products from their own perspective but the marketer have to make consumer understand how is the product and it going to be useful for them or not and a marketer have to be much smart to face all kind of situation.. So international marketing is very important for the global trade and to achieve the goal international marketing have the culture. Reference: 1. Chris Phillips, Isobel Doole, Robin Lowe, 1994, International marketing strategy: analysis, development, and implementation, p-90, published by routledge. 2. Retrieved 12th February 2010 from: http://www.tamu.edu/classes/cosc/choudhury/culture.html 3. Retrieved 16th February 2010 from: http://www.marketingteacher.com/Lessons/lesson_international_marketing_culture.htm 4. Retrieved 22th February 2010 from: Defining Cross-Cultural Marketing 5. Stanley J. Paliwoda, John K. Ryans, 2008, International marketing, p-582, published by Edward Elgar Publishing Limited. Bibliography: 1. Andrew Bard Schmookler, 2003, The illusion of choice: how the market economy shapes our destiny, published by state University of New York.. 2. George Silverman, The secret of word-of-mouth marketing: how to trigger exponential sales, 2001, Published by AMA publication. 3. Hans Muhlbacher, Helmuth Leihs, Lee Dahringer, 2006, International marketing: a global perspective, 3rd ed, published by Thomson learning. 4. Prof Jean-Claude Usunier and Julie Lee, 2005, Marketing across culture, 4th ed, published by Prentice Hall 5. Philip Kotler, Gary Armstrong, Veronica Wong, John Saunders, 2008, Principles of marketing, 5th European ed, published by Pearson Education Limited. 6. Robert Guang Tian, Ph. D, Associate Professor of Business Administration http://www.studyoverseas.com/america/usaed/crosscultural.htm [access 8th February 2010]